Figure 3.

Expression of OsPCS5 and OsPCS15 confers enhanced Cd²⁺ tolerance in a Δycf yeast mutant. A: Enhanced growth of OsPCS5‐ and OsPCS15‐transformed yeasts on YPD agar plates supplemented with 70 μm CdCl₂. Yeast Δycf mutant DTY167 and WT DTY165 cells were transformed with a construct containing the empty vector, OsPCS5 or OsPCS15. Ten‐fold serial dilutions of Δycf mutant and WT yeast cells expressing the indicated plasmid were spotted (2 μl) onto plates containing or lacking 70 μm CdCl₂, and incubated at 30 °C for 2–4 days. B: Suppression of Cd²⁺ hypersensitivity in the yeast Δycf mutant DTY167 by plasmid‐borne OsPCS5 and OsPCS15. Yeast cells expressing OsPCS5 or OsPCS15 were normalised to OD600 and grown in liquid SD media containing different concentrations of Cd²⁺. After incubation at 30 °C for 24 h, cell growth was determined by measuring OD600. Squares (■), circles (●), triangles (▲) and diamonds (◆) indicate the empty vector (WT), empty vector (ycf1), OsPCS5 (ycf1) and OsPCS15 (ycf1), respectively.