Figure 4.

Yeast cells expressing OsPCS5 or OsPCS15 accumulate more Cd²⁺ than control cells of the Δycf mutant DTY167. Transformed cells were grown in liquid YPD medium containing 20 μm Cd²⁺ at 30 °C for 24 h. The Cd²⁺ content of the samples was measured by ICP‐OES. Results are averages (±SE) from three independent experiments performed using three different colonies. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05, Student's t‐test) of differences between yeast cells expressing OsPCS5/‐15 and vector control cells.