Table 4.
Results of patient‐based and provider‐based analyses of data, demonstrating the extent of bias in average ΔTs
| Performance indicator | Per patient | Per provider (N = 135) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | X̅ | SD | X̅ | SD | Minimum | Maximum | |
| ΔT | 59,136 | 7.29 | 10.17 | 7.19 | 2.73 | −0.62 | 15.34 |
| ΔTweighted | 113,707 | 8.24 | 10.39 | 7.18 | 2.72 | −0.55 | 15.19 |
| ΔTimputed | 87,889 | 7.18 | 10.20 | 7.16 | 2.59 | −0.05 | 14.69 |
| ΔTcombined | 113,707 | 8.06 | 10.39 | 7.17 | 2.57 | −0.10 | 14.64 |
Abbreviations: ΔT, difference between pretest and posttest T‐score; ΔTcombined, difference between pretest and posttest after imputation of missing posttest scores and inverse propensity weighting; ΔTimputed, difference between pretest and posttest after imputation of missing posttest scores; ΔTweighted, difference between pretest and posttest adjusted by inverse propensity weighting.