Figure 1.

The effects of osteocalcin on human aortic endothelial cell signaling. (a–i) Luminex® xMAP® technology was used to detect changes in phosphorylated CREB (pS133), JNK (pT183/pY185), NFkB (pS536), p38 (pT180/pY182), ERK (pT185/pY187), Akt (pS473), p70 S6K (pT412), STAT3 (pS727), and STAT5A/B (pY694/699) (Milliplex™, 48‐680MAG, Merck Millipore) in cell lysates when treated with ucOCN (10 ng/ml) for 2, 5, 10, and 30 min (n = 10 for control and n = 20 for ucOCN from three experimental repeats, normalized to total protein). (j) Changes in phosphorylated mTOR in cell lysates were also detected using the Luminex system (n = 8 for control and n = 16 for ucOCN from three experimental repeats, normalized to total mTOR; Milliplex™, 48‐625MAG, Merck Millipore). Data were analyzed by two‐way ANOVA. Multiple comparisons were adjusted for by Sidak's statistical hypothesis test. Data are given as means with error bars representing SEM. *Denotes a significant difference compared to control (p < 0.05). ANOVA: analysis of variance; SEM: standard error of mean; ucOCN: uncarboxylated osteocalcin