Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with AMI matched by propensity score analysis
| Normoglycemic patients | Prediabetic patients | P | Prediabetic never metformin users | Prediabetic current metformin users | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 180 | 180 | 58 | 58 | ||
| Mean age (years) | 68.2 ± 6.8 | 67.1 ± 6.3 | 0.082 | 66.2 ± 5.4 | 67.1 ± 4.9 | 0.345 |
| Sex (M/F) | 99/81 | 96/84 | – | 33/25 | 34/24 | – |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.1 ± 1.6 | 27.4 ± 1.9 | 0.088 | 27.3 ± 0.7 | 26.9 ± 1.2 | 0.140 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 130.8 ± 13.1 | 132.9 ± 10.9 | 0.064 | 131.2 ± 8.4 | 133.1 ± 7.7 | 0.945 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 79.2 ± 6.5 | 79.3 ± 6.6 | 0.898 | 77.7 ± 6.4 | 79.4 ± 6.7 | 0.154 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 87.2 ± 8.1 | 86.9 ± 8.6 | 0.744 | 85.9 ± 5.6 | 87.2 ± 8.8 | 0.357 |
| Prediabetes diagnosis criteria | ||||||
| Fasting plasma glucose, n (%) | – | 39 (21.6) | – | 10 (17.2) | 11 (18.9) | 0.488 |
| Post-prandial glucose, n (%) | – | 18 (10) | – | 11 (18.9) | 10 (17.2) | 0.502 |
| HbA1c, n (%) | – | 102 (56.7) | – | 24 (41.4) | 25 (43.1) | 0.493 |
| Two or more criteria, n (%) | – | 21 (11.6) | – | 13 (22.4) | 12 (20.7) | 0.559 |
| Risk factors | ||||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 143 (79.4) | 144 (80.1) | 0.500 | 49 (84.5) | 51 (87.9) | 0.394 |
| Hyperlipemia, n (%) | 112 (62.2) | 110 (61.1) | 0.457 | 49 (84.5) | 47 (81.1) | 0.403 |
| Cigarette smoking, n (%) | 141 (78.3) | 142 (78.9) | 0.500 | 47 (81.1) | 51 (87.9) | 0.221 |
| Active treatments | ||||||
| β-blockers, n (%) | 104 (57.8) | 106 (58.9) | 0.457 | 43 (74.1) | 41 (70.7) | 0.418 |
| ACE inhibitors, n (%) | 76 (42.2) | 74 (41.1) | 0.457 | 22 (37.9) | 27 (46.6) | 0.226 |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers, n (%) | 88 (48.9) | 75 (41.7) | 0.102 | 25 (43.1) | 22 (37.9) | 0.353 |
| Calcium inhibitor, n (%) | 100 (55.6) | 105 (58.3) | 0.335 | 37 (63.8) | 41 (70.7) | 0.277 |
| Nitrate, n (%) | 46 (25.6) | 34 (18.9) | 0.081 | 7 (12.1) | 9 (15.5) | 0.394 |
| Statins, n (%) | 92 (51.1) | 100 (55.6) | 0.230 | 32 (55.2) | 28 (48.3) | 0.289 |
| Thiazide diuretic, n (%) | 55 (30.6) | 56 (31.1) | 0.500 | 22 (37.9) | 25 (43.9) | 0.353 |
| Aspirin, n (%) | 115 (63.9) | 118 (65.6) | 0.413 | 37 (63.8) | 38 (65.5) | 0.500 |
| Thienopyridine, n (%) | 24 (13.3) | 24 (13.3) | 0.562 | 6 (10.3) | 7 (12.1) | 0.500 |
| Laboratory analyses | ||||||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 86.5 ± 6.5 | 110 ± 7.3 | 0.001 | 111.5 ± 9.3 | 110.9 ± 7.6 | 0.762 |
| Post-prandial glucose (mg/dl) | 106 ± 24 | 132 ± 36 | 0.001 | 131 ± 33 | 132 ± 29 | 0.658 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.1 ± 0.3 | 6.2 ± 03 | 0.001 | 6.1 ± 0.3 | 6.0 ± 0.4 | 0.463 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 205.9 ± 21.1 | 205.1 ± 22.1 | 0.670 | 203.2 ± 19.1 | 206.6 ± 19.5 | 0.353 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 127.4 ± 20.9 | 131.3 ± 21.5 | 0.080 | 128.6 ± 29.4 | 133.1 ± 18.9 | 0.198 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 38.3 ± 3.5 | 38.1 ± 3.5 | 0.764 | 37.8 ± 3.3 | 37.5 ± 3.5 | 0.587 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 181.5 ± 19.6 | 182.6 ± 22.1 | 0.621 | 185.1 ± 23.6 | 179.6 ± 17.3 | 0.154 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.99 ± 0.13 | 0.98 ± 0.19 | 0.399 | 0.98 ± 0.17 | 0.97 ± 0.16 | 0.833 |
| hs-cTnT (ng/l) | 147.6 ± 32.7 | 149.6 ± 25.9 | 0.411 | 149.9 ± 32.1 | 149.2 ± 26.6 | 0.604 |
| Leptin (pg/ml) | 27.9 ± 12.9 | 93.9 ± 28.1 | 0.001 | 111.1 ± 20.1 | 81.6 ± 24.8 | 0.001 |
| Adiponectin (pg/ml) | 116.1 ± 22.5 | 58.1 ± 23.3 | 0.001 | 45.8 ± 19.3 | 70.9 ± 18.7 | 0.001 |
Data are mean ± SD or n (%)