Table 1.

Clinical, personality and demographic characteristics

Clinical or demographic variable	Males (n = 28)	Females (n = 27)	Sex difference p‐value	Correlation with alcohol use severity (AUDIT)	Sex*audit interaction
Age	25.96 (6.79)	24.85 (5.36)	F 1,52 = 0.446, p = 0.507	r = 0.31, p = 0.021a	z = −0.28, p = 0.780, r (males) = 0.303, r (Females) = 0.373
Alcohol use severity (AUDIT)	18.93 (4.66)	20.31 (4.63)	F 1,52 = 1.189, p = 281
Alcohol intake (glazes per week)	25.20 (14.56)	18.27 (7.51)	F 1,52 = 4.720, p = 0.034a	r = 0.28, p = 0.042a	z = 0.83, p = 0.407, r (males) = 0.415, r (Females) = 0.201
Days since last drink	2.18 (1.68)	2.59 (1.82)	F 1,53 = 0.768, p = 0.385	r = 0.06, p = 0.671	z = −0.95, p = 0.034 r (males) = −0.093, r (Females) = 0.175
Alcohol craving (DAQ) related to
Loss of control	2.89 (1.46)	2.92 (1.65)	F 1,52 = 0.005, p = 0.943	r = 0.40, p = 0.003a	z =  −1.96, p = 0.050, r (males) = 0.170, r (Females) = 0.625a
Desire for alcohol	2.89 (1.11)	3.24 (0.79)	F 1,52 = 1.780, p = 0.199	r = 0.084, p = 0.545	z = −0.99, p = 0.322, r (males) = −0.051, r (Females) = 0.227
Negative reinforcement	3.26 (1.20)	3.99 (1.30)	F 1,52 = 4.617, p = 0.036a	r = 0.39, p = 0.003a	z = −0.92, p = 0.358, r (males) = 0.225, r (Females) = 0.480)
Readiness to change			${\mathrm{\chi }}_1^2$ = 0.670, p = 0.586	${\mathrm{\chi }}_6^2$ = 0.058, t (53) = –0.418, p = 0.678	${\mathrm{\chi }}_6^2$ = −0.173, t (53) = −1.266, p = 0.211
Contemplation stage	N = 11	N = 14
Action stage	N = 16	N = 13
Drink of preference			${\mathrm{\chi }}_3^2$ = 5.505, p = 0.138	${\mathrm{\chi }}_6^2$ = −0.018, t (53) = −0.130, p = 0.897	${\mathrm{\chi }}_6^2$ = 0.069, t (53) = 0.500, p = 0.619
Beer	N = 16	N = 7
Wine	N = 3	N = 5
Beer + Wine	N = 5	N = 10
Beer + spirits or Wine + spirits	N = 3	N = 5
Cannabis use severity (CUDIT)	5.54 (6.27)	2.42 (3.20)	F 1,52 = 5.156, p = 0.027a	r = −0.44, p = 0.752	z = 0.46, p = 0.646, r (males) = 0.041, r (Females) = −0.09
% cannabis used in the past 12 months	71.4%	63.0%	${\mathrm{\chi }}_6^2$ = 9.541, p = 0.145
Drug Use Severity (DUDIT)	7.04 (5.57)	5.38 (6.45)	F 1,52 = 1.017, p = 0.318	r = 0.218, p = 0.110	z = −0.74, p = 0.459, r (males) = 0.14, r (Females) = 0.339
% drug use in past 12 months	75.0%	51.9%	${\mathrm{\chi }}_{13}^2$ = 13.586, p = 0.404
Smoking Severity (FTND)	15.50 (9.78)	16.46 (8.90)	F 1,52 = 0.142, p = 0.708	r = 0.010, p = 0.941	z = −0.20, p = 0.841, r (males) = −0.024, r (Females) = 0.032
% smoking	67.9%	77.8%	${\mathrm{\chi }}_1^2$ = 0.682, p = 0.409
Depressive mood (total BDI‐score)	9.21 (6.23)	14.81 (10.76)	F 1,52 = 5.566, p = 0.022a	r = 0.42, p = 0.001a	z = −182, p = 0.069, r (males) = 0.15, r (Females) = 0.586
Trait Anxiety (STAI – trait)	38.21 (8.56)	47.61 (11.53)	F 1,52 = 11.679, p = 0.001a	r = 0.493, p < 0.001a	z = −1.19, p = 0.234, r (males) = 0.341, r (Females) = 0.602
State anxiety (STAI – state)	36.68 (9.52)	42.26 (10.02)	F 1,52 = 4.401, p = 0.041a	r = 0.437, p < 0.001a	z = −0.82, p = 0.206, r (males) = 0.324, r (Females) = 0.515
Impulsivity (BIS)	68.68 (10.18)	67.58 (9.11)	F 1,52 = 0.175, p = 0.678	r = 0.31, p = 0.023a	z = −1.40, p = 161, r (males) = 0.16, r (Females) = 0.510

Notes. The reported values are means or medians ± the standard deviation or interquartile range.

^aSignificant effect at p < 0.05.