Table 3.
Summary of Mullen Scales of Early Learning mean scores and standard deviations across sex and phase of testing
| MSEL subscale | Male (N = 106) | Female (N = 103) | MANOVA group effects | Phase 1 (N = 92) | Phase 2 (N = 117) | MANOVA group effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Cog T (SD) | 179.92 (30.27) | 168.47 (30.52) | F(1, 207) = 7.41, p = 0.01, d = 0.36 | 180.26 (33.16) | 169.56 (30.86) | F(1, 207) = 6.35, p = 0.01, d = 0.35 |
| Mean GM (SD) | 50.17 (12.36) | 44.94 (13.22) | F(1, 207) = 8.73, p = 0.003, d = 0.41 | 51.55 (14.17) | 44.48 (11.16) | F(1, 207) = 16.32, p < 0.001, d = 0.55 |
| Mean VR (SD) | 45.45 (11.10) | 41.83 (11.43) | F(1, 207) = 5.42, p = 0.01, d = 0.32 | 43.52 (11.74) | 43.78 (11.15) | F(1, 207) = 0.03, p = 0.87, d = 0.002 |
| Mean FM (SD) | 49.59 (11.33) | 45.39 (9.85) | F(1, 207) = 8.18, p = 0.01, d = 0.40 | 50.87 (12.01) | 44.89 (8.97) | F(1, 207) = 16.98, p < 0.001, d = 0.56 |
| Mean RL (SD) | 42.39 (10.37) | 39.89 (9.92) | F(1, 207) = 3.15, p = 0.08, d = 0.25 | 42.30 (9.92) | 40.26 (10.38) | F(1, 207) = 2.09, p = 0.15, d = .0.20 |
| Mean EL (SD) | 42.48 (9.16) | 41.36 (10.70) | F(1, 207) = 0.67, p = 0.42, d = 0.11 | 43.57 (9.65) | 40.64 (10.02) | F(1, 207) = 4.53, p = 0.03, d = 0.30 |
MSEL: Mullen Scales of Early Learning; Cog T: cognitive t‐score; GM: Gross Motor; VR: Visual Reception; FM: Fine Motor; RL: Receptive Language; EL: Expressive Language.