Table 1.
Univariate analysis of correlates of shedding of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) from mucosal (oral and genital) sites.
| Variablea | HHV8 shedding, median (range or %) | OR (95% CI) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (N = 60) | Absent (N = 114) | |||
| Age | 32 years (18–46 years) | 31 years (19–19 years) | … | .9 |
| Education | 7.0 years (0–12 years) | 7.0 years (0–13 years) | … | .4 |
| Age at first sexual activity | 18 years (12–25 years) | 17 years (10–25 years) | … | .004 |
| Duration of prostitution | 4.0 years (0–30 years) | 3.0 years (0–20 years) | … | .6 |
| Frequency of sex acts | 2.0/week (1–20/week) | 2.0/week (0–12/week) | … | .4 |
| Frequency of condom use | 100% (0%–100%) | 67% (0%–100%) | … | .5 |
| Sex partners | 1.0/week (1–20/week) | 1.0/week (0–7/week) | … | .3 |
| History of deep kissing | 15 (25) | 41 (37) | 0.5 (0.3–1.1) | … |
| History of vaginal douching | 50 (83) | 92 (81) | 1.2 (0.5–2.7) | … |
| Oral-contraceptive use | 1 (2) | 11 (10) | 0.2 (0.02–1.3) | … |
| Depomedroxyprogesterone use | 18 (30) | 27 (24) | 1.4 (0.7–2.8) | … |
| Cigarette smoking | 8 (13) | 15 (13) | 1.0 (0.4–2.6) | … |
| Alcohol consumption >4 drinks/week | 35 (58) | 60 (53) | 1.3 (0.7–2.4) | … |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 14 (23) | 40 (35) | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | … |
| Fatigue | 6 (17) | 14 (12) | 0.8 (0.3–2.1) | … |
| Sore throat | 4 (7) | 5 (4) | 1.5 (0.4–6.0) | … |
| Swollen glands | 3 (5) | 3 (3) | 1.9 (0.4–10) | … |
| Headache | 12 (20) | 31 (39) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | … |
| Muscle/joint aches | 7 (12) | 19 (17) | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) | … |
| Vaginal discharge | 9 (15) | 12 (11) | 1.5 (0.6–3.8) | … |
| Genital sores | 2 (3) | 5 (4) | 0.8 (0.1–1.0) | … |
| Vaginal itching | 13 (22) | 20 (18) | 1.3 (0.6–2.8) | … |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| Cervicitis | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | … |
| Trichomoniasis | 9 (15) | 4 (4) | 4.9 (1.4–16.5) | … |
| Bacterial vaginosis | 15 (25) | 38 (34) | 0.7 (0.3–1.3) | … |
| Candida | 7 (12) | 17 (15) | 0.8 (0.3–1.9) | … |
| Gonorrhea | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | … |
| RPR positive | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | … |
| HIV-1-seropositive patients | 38 (62) | 49 (43) | 2.3 (1.2–4.4) | … |
| CD4 countb | 358 cells/mm3 (44–861 cells/mm3) | 343 cells/mm3 (30–1015 cells/mm3) | … | .9 |
| CD4 count <200 cells/cells/mm3 b | 11 (30) | 13 (27) | 1.2 (0.5–3.0) | … |
| HIV-1 viral loadb | 66,135 copies/mL (660–2,414,700 copies/mL) | 55,990 copies/mL (6–942,590 copies/mL) | … | .6 |
NOTE. Data are no. of women, unless otherwise indicated. CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio. RPR, rapid plasma reagin.
a
N = 174, except for history of deep kissing (N = 170) and cervicitis (N = 164).
b
Data are for HIV-1–seropositive patients only (N = 87).