Table 2:
Association (HR 95% CI) between personality traits and CHD in women with diabetes.
| Model a | Model b | Model c | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
| Optimism | ||||
| 1 | 157 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 2 | 145 | 1.04 (0.87–1.24) | 1.04 (0.87–1.25) | 1.06 (0.89–1.28) |
| 3 | 214 | 0.96 (0.82–1.13) | 0.96 (0.82–1.14) | 0.98 (0.83–1.16) |
| 4 | 129 | 0.94 (0.78–1.13) | 0.94 (0.78–1.14) | 0.96 (0.79–1.17) |
| p-value for trend | 0.42 | 0.37 | 0.53 | |
| Ambivalence over Emotional Expressiveness (AEE) | ||||
| 1 | 160 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 2 | 207 | 1.05 (0.89–1.23) | 1.05 (0.90–1.23) | 1.05 (0.89–1.23) |
| 3 | 115 | 1.01 (0.84–1.22) | 1.01 (0.84–1.23) | 1.04 (0.86–1.25) |
| 4 | 163 | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) |
| p-value for trend | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.85 | |
| Negative Emotional Expressiveness (NEE) | ||||
| 1 | 151 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 2 | 171 | 0.95 (0.80–1.13) | 0.95 (0.80–1.13) | 0.95 (0.80–1.13) |
| 3 | 189 | 0.94 (0.80–1.11) | 0.94 (0.80–1.11) | 0.93 (0.79–1.11) |
| 4 | 134 | 1.07 (0.89–1.29) | 1.07 (0.89–1.28) | 1.06 (0.88–1.28) |
| p-value for trend | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.70 | |
| Hostility | ||||
| 1 | 122 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 2 | 143 | 1.10 (0.92–1.33) | 1.11 (0.92–1.33) | 1.11 (0.93–1.34) |
| 3 | 225 | 1.00 (0.83–1.19) | 1.00 (0.84–1.19) | 0.99 (0.83–1.19) |
| 4 | 155 | 1.24 (1.03–1.49) | 1.25 (1.03–1.51) | 1.22 (1.01–1.48) |
| p-value for trend | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.13 |
adjusted for age at baseline, race/ethnicity (American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, Black or African-American, Hispanic/Latino, non-Hispanic white, and other), education (high school or less, some college/technical training, college or some post-college, and master or higher), family history of MI (no, yes), hypertension never, currently untreated, currently treated), high cholesterol requiring pills ever (no, yes), and different study cohorts (participation in OS or CTs, and different treatment assignments for all three CTs), prior hormone use
further adjusted for depressive symptoms,
further adjusted for BMI, WHR, smoking (never, former, current), alcohol intake (non-drinker, past drinker, current and <7 drinks/week, current and ≥7 drinks/week), physical activity (<5, 5-<10, 10-<20, 20-<30, 30+ Metabolic equivalent (METs)/week), and quality of diet (quartile)