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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Psychol. 2019 Jul 25;55(10):2090–2101. doi: 10.1037/dev0000764

Table 4.

Absolute and Relative Frequencies of the Sample in the Developmental Paths of Complex Problem-Solving Behavior

Path Time 1 Time 2 Absolute number Sample proportion
Stable Low Performing Explorers Low Performing Explorers 416 0.21
Stable Proficient Explorers Proficient Explorers 310 0.15
Declining Emerging Explorers Low Performing Explorers 198 0.10
Improving Rapid Learners Proficient Explorers 180 0.09
Improving Emerging Explorers Proficient Explorers 142 0.07
Improving Low Performing Explorers Proficient Explorers 135 0.07
Improving Emerging Explorers Rapid Learners 104 0.05
Improving Low Performing Explorers Emerging Explorers 100 0.05
Stable Emerging Explorers Emerging Explorers 94 0.05
Declining Rapid Learners Low Performing Explorers 78 0.04
Improving Low Performing Explorers Rapid Learners 60 0.03
Declining Proficient Explorers Low Performing Explorers 58 0.03
Stable Rapid Learners Rapid Learners 47 0.02
Declining Proficient Explorers Rapid Learners 41 0.02
Declining Proficient Explorers Emerging Explorers 22 0.01
Declining Rapid Learners Emerging Explorers 21 0.01