Table 1:
Baseline characteristics of participants
| Characteristics | Total (N = 226) | Arm 1 (N = 75) | Arm 2 (N = 75) | Arm 3 (N = 76) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | Mean (SE) | 53.0 (0.7) | 52.6 (1.2) | 53.2 (1.3) | 53.2 (1.3) |
| Range | 24–76 | 24–73 | 27–76 | 29–75 | |
| Race | White | 199 (88.1%) | 66 (88.0%) | 66 (88.0%) | 67 (88.2%) |
| Black/African American | 19 (8.4%) | 6 (8.0%) | 6 (8.0%) | 7 (9.2%) | |
| Asian | 4 (1.8%) | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (1.3%) | 2 (2.6%) | |
| Native American | 2 (0.9%) | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (1.3%) | — | |
| Unknown | 2 (0.9%) | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (1.3%) | — | |
| Ethnicity | Hispanic/Latino | 5 (2.2%) | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (1.3%) | 3 (3.9%) |
| Non-Hispanic/Latino | 220 (97.3%) | 73 (97.3%) | 74 (98.7%) | 73 (96.1%) | |
| Unknown | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (1.3%) | — | — | |
| Education | Bachelor’s or higher | 95 (42.0%) | 29 (38.7%) | 36 (48.0%) | 30 (39.5%) |
| Partial college training | 77 (34.1%) | 28 (37.3%) | 20 (26.7%) | 29 (38.2%) | |
| High school graduate or less | 54 (23.9%) | 18 (24.0%) | 19 (25.3%) | 17 (22.4%) | |
| Marital status | Married/committed relationship | 163 (72.1%) | 51 (68%) | 59 (78.7%) | 53 (69.7%) |
| Divorced/widowed/separated | 36 (15.9%) | 10 (13.3%) | 12 (16%) | 14 (18.4) | |
| Single | 27 (11.9%) | 14 (18.7%) | 4 (5.3%) | 9 (11.8%) | |
| Chemotherapy | Doxorubicin | 151 (66.8%) | 50 (66.7%) | 50 (66.7%) | 51 (67.1%) |
| Cyclophosphamide | 195 (86.3%) | 66 (88.0%) | 64 (85.3%) | 65 (85.5%) | |
| Docetaxel | 75 (33.2%) | 24 (32.0%) | 25 (33.3%) | 26 (34.2%) | |
| Carboplatin | 30 (13.3%) | 8 (10.7%) | 11 (14.7%) | 11 (14.5%) | |
| Herceptin | 31 (13.7%) | 9 (12.0%) | 11 (14.7%) | 11 (14.5%) | |
| Motion sickness | Yes | 139 (61.5%) | 45 (60.0%) | 43 (57.3%) | 51 (67.1%) |
| No | 86 (38.1%) | 30 (40.0%) | 32 (42.7%) | 24 (31.6%) | |
| Unknown | 1 (0.4%) | — | — | 1 (1.3%) | |
| Morning sickness during pregnancy | Yes | 142 (62.8%) | 50 (66.7%) | 49 (65.3%) | 43 (56.6%) |
| No | 49 (21.7%) | 13 (17.3%) | 18 (24.0%) | 18 (23.7%) | |
| Not applicable | 35 (15.5%) | 12 (16.0%) | 8 (10.7%) | 15 (19.7%) | |
| Pre-treatment anxiety | Mean (SE) | 4.4 (0.2) | 4.6 (0.3) | 4.1 (0.3) | 4.5 (0.4) |
| Pre-treatment nausea | Mean (SE) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.4 (0.3) | 0.6 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.3) |
NOTE: Data might not add up to 100% because of rounding.
Abbreviations: SE, standard error; Arm 1, Acupressure bands + Expectancy-enhancing relaxation music and written handout; Arm 2, Acupressure bands + Expectancy-neutral relaxation music and written handout; Arm 3, Control.