Table 1.

Baseline characteristics

Characteristic	Anti-PD-1 plus chemotherapy (n = 38)	Anti-PD-1 monotherapy (n = 20)	Chemotherapy (n = 19)	P value
Age, n (%)				0.071
≤ 65	21 (55.3%)	17 (85.0%)	13 (68.4%)
> 65	17 (44.7%)	3 (15.3%)	6 (31.6%)
Sex, n (%)				0.044
Male	24 (63.2%)	11 (55.0%)	17 (89.5%)
Female	14 (36.8%)	9 (45.0%)	2 (10.5%)
aBMI, n (%)				0.272
Normal	28 (73.9%)	14 (70.0%)	10 (52.6%)
Overweight	10 (26.3%)	6 (30.0%)	9 (47.4%)
Virus infection, n (%)				0.051
Yes	5 (13.2%)	5 (25%)	0
No	33 (86.8%)	15 (75.0%)	19 (100%)
Primary tumor site, n (%)				0.422
Cholangiocarcinoma	32 (84.2%)	19 (95.0%)	18 (94.7%)
Gallbladder or ampulla	6 (15.8%)	1 (5.0%)	1 (5.3%)
Smoking history, n (%)				0.688
Former or current	15 (39.5%)	10 (50.0%)	7 (36.8%)
Never or unknown	23 (60.5%)	10 (50.0%)	12 (63.2%)
bECOG performance status, n (%)				0.337
0–1	33 (86.8%)	14 (70.0%)	16 (84.2%)
≥ 2	5 (13.2%)	6 (30.0%)	4 (21.1%)
Histological grade, n (%)				0.663
Well differentiated (G1) or moderately differentiated (G2)	19 (50.0%)	11 (55.0%)	12 (63.2%)
Poorly differentiated (G3) or unknown	19 (50.0%)	9 (45.0%)	7 (36.8%)
Previous surgery, n (%)				0.537
Yes	23 (60.5%)	14 (70.0%)	10 (52.6%)
No	15 (39.5%)	6 (30.0%)	9 (47.4%)
Prior lines for metastatic disease 0.941				0.215
1	28 (73.7%)	7 (35%)	12 (63.2%)
≥ 2	10 (26.3%)	13 (65%)	7 (36.8%)
Metastatic site, n (%)
Liver	32 (84.2%)	18 (90.0%)	18 (94.7%)	0.658
Lymph node	25 (65.8%)	13 (65.0%)	14 (73.7%)	0.856
Lung	11 (29.0%)	3 (15.0%)	6 (31.6%)	0.416

^aBMI, body mass index. In 2002, based on the data of each province of China, China Working Group on Obesity (WGOC) suggested classifying BMI between 24.0-28.0 kg/m2 as overweight, and ≥ 28.0 kg/m2 as obese in Chinese [26].

^bECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group