Table 5.

Hazard of CHD when substituting dairy-derived FA intake by meat-derived FA intake at baseline among 35,767 EPIC-NL participants

	Substitution model 1	Substitution model 2	Substitution model 3
Total fat	1.04 (1.03–1.06)	1.03 (1.02–1.05)	1.02 (1.00–1.04)
SFA	1.14 (1.09–1.18)	1.08 (1.04–1.13)	1.06 (1.02–1.10)
MUFA	1.07 (1.02–1.14)	1.04 (0.99–1.10)	1.03 (0.97–1.09)
PUFA	1.10 (0.86–1.40)	1.20 (0.93–1.57)	1.17 (0.90–1.53)

The substitution model was corrected for total caloric intake except from alcohol, intake of protein, carbohydrates and all FA, except for dairy-derived FA from the substitution of interest (SFA, MUFA or PUFA). Substitution model 1 was adjusted for sex and age. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for smoking, physical activity, education, alcohol intake (categorical) and energy-adjusted intake of cholesterol and fibre. Model 3 was additionally adjusted for BMI, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia