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. 2019 Sep 30;5:138. doi: 10.1038/s41420-019-0219-x

Fig. 5. Autophagy plays a protective role in the glucose energetic stress.

Fig. 5

a, b Western blot analysis (n = 3) of MIN6 cells with and without CQ at 20 nM and in the presence or absence of either 2DG at 25 mM or glucose deprivation (a) or metformin 2 mM (b) for 24 h. c, d Representative phase contrast imaging in MIN6 cells treated with either 2DG or glucose deprivation (c) or metformin (d) in the presence and in the absence of CQ at 20 nM for 48 h. Scale bar, 40 µm. e Western blot analysis of MIN6 cells showing cleaved caspase-3 levels in the presence or not of CQ (20 nM) for either 24 h or 48 h. f AnnexinV-PI analysis of MIN6 cells exposed to metformin in the presence or in the absence of CQ