Glick 1985

Methods	Methodological quality: high 1. Randomisation method: adequate 2. Dropouts: number, and reasons in each group were described; intention‐to‐treat analysis performed 3. Outcome assessment: a. Assessors: patients are not blinded to treatment status, partly self‐report b. Measures: clearly defined and valid c. Follow‐up duration: appropriate ‐ 18 months after treatment end 4. Baseline characteristics: reported, and comparable 5. Entry criteria: clearly defined
Participants	169 inpatients, classified in 4 diagnostic groups: (1) schizophrenic or schizophreniform disorders with good prehospital functioning over the preceding 18 months; (2) schiphrenic or schizophreniform disorders with poor prehospital functioning over the preceding 18 months; (3) major affective disorder (unipolar n=29, bipolar n=21); (4) other DSM‐III axis I diagnosis. Patients were recruited from a clinic in New York City. Inclusions: recently admitted to the unit, one or more indications for family intervention, anticipated length of stay in hospital of 21 days or more, presence and availability of family members, and facility with spoken English. Exclusions: organic disorder or a primary diagnosis of substance abuse, current involvement in family therapy. Number of therapists unknown. Therapists were weekly supervised, this also included periodic review of videotaped sessions with some of the families.
Interventions	RCT to compare two conditions. The experimental condition involved 6‐8 sessions of 45‐60 minutes. T(n:79, unipolar n:17) = psychoeducational inpatient family intervention ‐ help the family accept the illness and develop understanding of the current episode, identify future stresses inside and outside the family, to elucidate family interactions that produce stress on the patient, to plan strategies for managing or minimising future stress, and to help the patient and family accept the patient's need for continued treatment after hospital discharge. C(n: 89, unipolar n:12) = comparison group (TAU, individual psychotherapy)
Outcomes	1. Measures a. Global Assessment Scale (GAS) b. Psychiatric Evaluation Form c. Family Attitude Inventory d. Goals of Inpatient Family Intervention Rating Scale e. Role Performance Treatment Scale 2. Follow‐up times Assessments at admission, at discharge, after 6 months, and after 18 months. T was associated with clinically significant effects at discharge for female patients, but unipolar patients did better without T. A negative effect of T on males becomes evident at 18 months.
Notes	Withdrawal: T&C = 17/186 (T=13, C=4, 6/56 (T=4, C=2) No integrity check
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear