Table 3. Diagnostic performance of exosomal miRNAs and CEA in the training and validation cohort.
| Characteristic | Cut-off | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | AUC (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Training cohort | ||||||
| miRNA | ||||||
| miR-574-3p | ≤2.11 | 80.0 | 70.0 | 0.766 (0.650–0.859) | ||
| miR-197-3p | ≤1.10 | 50.0 | 86.7 | 0.688 (0.566–0.794) | ||
| miR-181b-5p | ≤2.99 | 87.5 | 73.3 | 0.798 (0.684–0.884) | ||
| miR-4481 | ≤1.00 | 57.5 | 90.0 | 0.761 (0.644–0.855) | ||
| miR-181d | ≤2.59 | 80.0 | 66.7 | 0.772 (0.654–0.862) | ||
| miRNA panel* | >−6.42 | 77.5 | 80.0 | 0.805 (0.693–0.890) | ||
| CEA | >2.20 | 92.5 | 100.0 | 0.956 (0.879–0.991) | ||
| Combination of miRNAs and CEA | ||||||
| miRNA panel+CEA | >1.58 | 92.5 | 100.0 | 0.980 (0.914–0.999) | ||
| miR-181b-5p+CEA | >7.81 | 92.5 | 100.0 | 0.981 (0.915–0.999) | ||
| Validation cohort | ||||||
| miRNA | ||||||
| miR-574-3p | ≤3.30 | 80.0 | 72.7 | 0.777 (0.664–0.866) | ||
| miR-181b-5p | ≤4.06 | 87.5 | 78.8 | 0.846 (0.743–0.920) | ||
| miR-4481 | ≤2.45 | 77.5 | 78.8 | 0.780 (0.668–0.8 68) | ||
| miR-181d | ≤3.06 | 77.5 | 72.7 | 0.753 (0.638–0.846) | ||
| miRNA panel† | >−9.83 | 82.5 | 84.8 | 0.821 (0.714–0.901) | ||
| CEA | >1.00 | 87.5 | 81.8 | 0.885 (0.789–0.948) | ||
| Combination of miRNAs and CEA | ||||||
| miRNA panel+CEA | >−3.85 | 85.0 | 90.9 | 0.901 (0.808–0.958) | ||
| miR-181b-5p+CEA | >0.82 | 82.5 | 96.7 | 0.946 (0.867–0.985) | ||
AUC = area under the curve; CI = confidence interval; CEA = carcinoembryonic antigen; miRNA = microRNA.
*Logit model based on miR-574-3p, miR-197-3p, miR-181b-5p, miR-4481, and miR-181d; †Logit model based on miR-574-3p, miR-181b-5p, miR-4481, and miR-181d.