Table 4. Postoperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.
Complication | Number of cases | |
---|---|---|
Grade II | 41 | |
Intra-abdominal infection/pneumonia: antibiotics | 24 | |
Tachyarrhythmia | 7 | |
Ileus/bowel obstruction: fasting, TPN | 4 | |
Acute ischemic stroke | 3 | |
Ischemic heart disease | 2 | |
Postoperative bleeding: transfusion | 1 | |
Grade IIIa | 15 | |
Intra-abdominal abscess: percutaneous drainage | 10 | |
Anastomosis site bleeding: endoscopic procedure | 2 | |
Pleural effusion: thoracostomy | 2 | |
Splenic artery pseudoaneurysm: embolization | 1 | |
Grade IIIb | 4 | |
Bowel evisceration: wound repair under general anesthesia | 2 | |
Duodenal stump leakage: explorative laparotomy | 1 | |
Pulmonary thromboembolism removal | 1 | |
Grade IV | 1 | |
EJ anastomosis leakage, bleeding, multi-organ failure: laparotomy, ICU care | 1 |
TPN = total parenteral nutrition; EJ = esophagojejunostomy; ICU = intensive care unit.