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. 2019 Sep 17;20(18):4587. doi: 10.3390/ijms20184587

Figure 4.

Figure 4

VAC stimulated AMPK to improve NO production and attenuate miRNA-34a expression. The HMEC-1 cells were pre-incubated with vaccarin (5 μM) for 12 h or AMPK inhibitor CC (5 μM) or AMPK activator AICAR (1 mM) for 1 h prior to 30 mM HG exposure. (A) Representative blots showing protein expression of p-AMPK and p-eNOS in HMEC-1 cells. Bar groups showing that the quantification of p-AMPK/t-AMPK (B) and p-eNOS/t-eNOS (C). Effects of CC (5 μM) on the miRNA-34a expression (D) and NO generation (E) in response to HG. (F) Representative blots showing protein expressions of p-AMPK and p-eNOS in HMEC-1 cells. Column groups showing that the quantification of p-AMPK/t-AMPK (G) and p-eNOS/t-eNOS (H). Effects of AICAR (1 mM) on the miRNA-34a expression (I) and NO generation (J) in response to HG. n = 3 for each group in A–C and F–H; n = 5 for other groups. Values are mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. CC, compound C; AICAR, 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside.