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Schematic summarizing the molecular mechanisms contributing to CVD progression. CCL-2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2; CVD, cardiovascular disease; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; LDL, low density lipoprotein; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B; NOX, NADPH oxidase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SIRT1, sirtuin-1; SOD, superoxide dismutase; XO, xanthine oxidase.
