. 2019 Sep 18;11(9):2241. doi: 10.3390/nu11092241

Table 4.

Total TYR and HT urinary recovery by fractions of 0–2, 2–4, 4–6, 6–12, and 12–24 h and the total recovery during the first 6 and 24 h post-administration of the different treatments. Results are expressed in μmoL.

			RW	IPA	Blonde	Free	ANOVA *
			Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	df	F	p
Total TYR	Accumulated	0–6 h	6.2 (2.9)	3.1 (2.4) ^w	3.3 (1.8) ^w	0.2 (0.5) ^w,i,b	(3.55)	32.4	<0.001
	Accumulated	0–24 h	6.5 (2.9)	3.4 (2.5) ^w	3.7 (1.8) ^w	0.6 (0.8) ^w,i,b	(3.55)	30.3	<0.001
	Fraction	0–2 h	4.1 (2.1)	2.2 (1.7) ^w	2.6 (1.5) ^w	0.2 (0.51) ^w,i,b	(3.55)	23.3	<0.001
		2–4 h	1.9 (1.5)	0.7 (0.7) ^w	0.5 (0.4) ^w	0.03 (0.02) ^w,i	(3.54)	21.8	<0.001
		4–6 h	0.3 (0.5)	0.1 (0.1)	0.1 (0.1)	0.04 (0.02)	(3.54)	3.2	0.031
		6–12 h	0.1 (0.1)	0.2 (0.1)	0.1 (0.1)	0.06 (0.05) ⁱ	(3.55)	4.8	0.005
		12–24 h	0.3 (0.5)	0.2 (0.2)	0.2 (0.1)	0.3 (0. 6)	(3.55)	0.4	0.787
Total HT	Accumulated	0–6 h	3.1 (1.3)	1.0 (0.6) ^w	0.6 (0.3) ^w	0.4 (0.5) ^w	(3.55)	55.3	<0.001
	Accumulated	0–24 h	4.8 (2.4)	2.8 (1.4) ^w	1.5 (0.7) ^w	2.3 (1.6) ^w	(3.55)	15.2	<0.001
	Fraction	0–2 h	1.7 (1.2)	0.3 (0.2) ^w	0.3 (0.2) ^w	0.12 (0.4) ^w	(3.55)	26.8	<0.001
		2–4 h	1.1 (0.7)	0.5 (0.6) ^w	0.2 (0.1) ^w	0.1 (0.1) ^w	(3.54)	28.5	<0.001
		4–6 h	0.3 (0.3)	0.2 (0.2)	0.1 (0.11) ^w	0.2 (0.2)	(3.54)	3.4	0.023
		6–12 h	0.6 (1.1)	0.7 (0.7)	0.3 (0.2)	0.8 (1.1)	(3.55)	1.4	0.245
		12–24 h	1.0 (0.9)	1.1 (1.2)	0.7 (0.5)	1.1 (0.86)	(3.55)	1.2	0.314

RW: red wine; IPA: IPA beer; Blonde: blonde beer; Free: non-alcoholic beer. SD: standard deviation; df: degrees of freedom; TYR: tyrosol; HT: hydroxytyrosol. Total TYR is the sum of free TYR, TYR-4-sulphate, and TYR-4-glucuronide. Total HT is the sum of free HT, HT-4-sulphate, HT-glucuronide (HT-3-glucuronide plus HT-4-glucuronide), HT-acetate-3-sulphate, HT-acetate, free Hval, and Hval-4-glucuronide. *ANOVA repeated measures. ^{w, i, b} = Tukey’s HSD post-hoc comparisons (W = p <0.05 compared to RW; I = p <0.05 compared to IPA; B = p <0.05 compared to blonde).