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Structure and specific forms of human apelin. Human apelin is first of all found under the preproapelin form (77 amino acids) that will be cleaved by endopeptidases acting on basic amino-acid-rich regions giving the proapelin (55 amino-acids) and then the other tissue-dependent active isoforms (36, 17, 13 and Pyr-13 amino-acids). PCSK3 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 3) is involved in the cleavage of proapelin to apelin-13.
