Table 3.
Levels and changes in plasma, urine biomarkers and mMDS at baseline and 6 months follow up in the pilot trial of “Feeding Americas Bravest.”
| Variable | Control Active Intervention | Intervention Self Sustained-Continuation Phase | p ^ | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 6-Months Follow-Up | Changes | p # | Baseline | 6-Months Follow-Up | Changes | p # | ||||||||||||||
| N | Mean | SD | N | Mean | SD | N | Mean | SD | N | Mean | SD | N | Mean | SD | N | Mean | SD | ||||
| TNF-α (pgmL) | 24 | 1.14 | 0.39 | 20 | 1.22 | 0.44 | 20 | 0.053 | 0.228 | 0.315 | 24 | 1.04 | 0.31 | 21 | 1.21 | 0.35 | 21 | 0.181 | 0.289 | 0.009 | 0.123 |
| IL6 (pgmL) | 22 | 1.69 | 1.14 | 20 | 1.88 | 2.48 | 18 | 0.209 | 2.668 | 0.744 | 22 | 2.15 | 2.84 | 21 | 2.51 | 4.29 | 20 | 0.363 | 5.279 | 0.762 | 0.909 |
| CRP (ngmL) | 24 | 1640 | 1936 | 20 | 1084 | 1232 | 20 | −619 | 1656 | 0.111 | 24 | 1827 | 2179 | 21 | 1584 | 1783 | 21 | −19 | 2185 | 0.969 | 0.330 |
| Tyrosol (ppm) | 18 | 0.019 | 0.026 | 14 | 0.024 | 0.015 | 9 | 0.013 | 0.019 | 0.072 | 19 | 0.020 | 0.033 | 16 | 0.016 | 0.006 | 13 | 0.002 | 0.014 | 0.569 | 0.149 |
| Hydroxytyrosol (ppm) | 23 | 0.105 | 0.094 | 17 | 0.090 | 0.082 | 16 | −0.018 | 0.082 | 0.400 | 24 | 0.137 | 0.105 | 17 | 0.095 | 0.073 | 17 | −0.033 | 0.120 | 0.275 | 0.681 |
| SFA (%) | 24 | 29.01 | 1.42 | 20 | 27.64 | 1.46 | 20 | −1.347 | 1.679 | 0.002 | 24 | 29.74 | 1.66 | 21 | 28.49 | 1.80 | 21 | −1.118 | 1.897 | 0.014 | 0.686 |
| Oleic Acid (%) | 24 | 19.45 | 3.06 | 20 | 19.64 | 2.08 | 20 | −0.042 | 2.897 | 0.949 | 24 | 18.02 | 2.83 | 21 | 19.06 | 2.81 | 21 | 1.052 | 1.766 | 0.013 | 0.157 |
| Alpha-linolenic Acid (%) | 24 | 31.36 | 3.37 | 20 | 32.69 | 3.33 | 20 | 1.461 | 3.682 | 0.092 | 24 | 31.60 | 3.83 | 21 | 31.10 | 3.88 | 21 | −0.756 | 3.917 | 0.387 | 0.070 |
| Linoleic Acid (%) | 24 | 0.63 | 0.23 | 20 | 0.68 | 0.26 | 20 | 0.023 | 0.219 | 0.645 | 24 | 0.64 | 0.16 | 21 | 0.67 | 0.17 | 21 | 0.004 | 0.210 | 0.938 | 0.775 |
| Omega 3 fatty acid (%) | 24 | 3.35 | 0.91 | 20 | 3.54 | 0.96 | 20 | 0.056 | 0.553 | 0.654 | 24 | 3.91 | 1.25 | 21 | 3.82 | 1.08 | 21 | −0.082 | 0.978 | 0.704 | 0.579 |
| mMDS (0–51 points) | 24 | 26.00 | 5.00 | 22 | 26.93 | 4.74 | 22 | 1.063 | 4.613 | 0.292 | 24 | 24.04 | 6.44 | 22 | 25.05 | 5.47 | 22 | 1.231 | 5.140 | 0.274 | 0.909 |
TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor; IL-6: Interleukin 6; CRP: C-Reactive Protein; SFA: Saturated Fatty Acids; mMDS: modified Mediterranean Diet Score; FFQ: Food frequency questionnaire. # paired t-test testing whether the mean difference is different than 0 ^ t-test testing whether the mean difference in Group 0 is different than the mean difference in Group 1.