Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of subjects in Jiangsu liver cancer study (2003–2010).
| Characteristics | Case | Control | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number (Proportion %) | Raw Garlic Consumption (%) | Number (Proportion %) | Raw Garlic Consumption (%) | |||||
| Never | <Twice/Week | ≥Twice/Week | Never | <Twice/Week | ≥Twice/Week | |||
| Total | 2011 | 45.5 | 41.7 | 12.8 | 7933 | 46.0 | 38.6 | 15.5 |
| County of residence | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Dafeng | 632 (31.4) | 76.6 | 20.5 | 2.9 | 2534 (31.9) | 77.0 | 20.6 | 2.3 |
| Ganyu | 390 (19.4) | 21.9 | 62.9 | 15.2 | 2010 (25.3) | 23.4 | 55.5 | 21.1 |
| Chuzhou | 301 (15.0) | 67.7 | 29.3 | 3.0 | 1134 (14.3) | 69.3 | 25.8 | 4.9 |
| Tongshan | 688 (34.2) | 20.5 | 54.6 | 24.9 | 2255 (28.4) | 19.8 | 49.9 | 30.2 |
| Gender | p = 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Male | 1534 (76.3) | 43.6 | 42.3 | 14.1 | 5705 (71.9) | 42.2 | 40.8 | 17.0 |
| Female | 477 (23.7) | 51.6 | 39.7 | 8.7 | 2228 (28.1) | 55.5 | 33.1 | 11.5 |
| Age group (years) | p = 0.228 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| <50 | 471 (23.4) | 47.7 | 39.1 | 13.3 | 872 (11.0) | 43.3 | 39.4 | 17.4 |
| 50– | 603 (30.0) | 44.9 | 40.9 | 14.2 | 1773 (22.4) | 42.5 | 39.4 | 18.2 |
| 60– | 515 (25.6) | 45.3 | 43.1 | 11.6 | 2542 (32.0) | 49.1 | 36.4 | 14.5 |
| 70– | 322 (16.0) | 47.4 | 42.1 | 10.6 | 2168 (27.3) | 45.1 | 40.8 | 14.2 |
| 80– | 100 (5.0) | 33.3 | 50.5 | 16.2 | 578 (7.3) | 49.9 | 36.7 | 13.3 |
| Marital Status | p = 0.570 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| In marriage | 1717 (86.0) | 45.0 | 42.0 | 13.1 | 6426 (81.5) | 44.2 | 39.6 | 16.2 |
| Single, divorced or widowed | 279 (14.0) | 48.2 | 40.2 | 11.6 | 1463 (18.5) | 53.5 | 34.5 | 12.1 |
| Level of education | p = 0.021 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Illiteracy | 764 (38.2) | 45.3 | 44.7 | 10.0 | 3796 (48.0) | 47.5 | 38.8 | 13.7 |
| Primary school | 662 (33.1) | 43.8 | 42.0 | 14.3 | 2490 (31.5) | 46.4 | 37.5 | 16.2 |
| Middle school | 461 (23.1) | 46.4 | 38.7 | 14.9 | 1298 (16.4) | 39.7 | 40.3 | 20.0 |
| High school | 101 (5.1) | 55.5 | 29.7 | 14.9 | 292 (3.7) | 50.3 | 38.6 | 11.0 |
| College | 12 (0.6) | 27.3 | 54.6 | 18.2 | 40 (0.5) | 42.5 | 37.5 | 20.0 |
| Per capita family income 10 years ago (RMB yuan/year) | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| <1000 | 392 (20.0) | 37.4 | 47.2 | 15.4 | 1656 (21.3) | 36.5 | 44.7 | 18.8 |
| 1000– | 405 (20.6) | 40.5 | 46.4 | 13.2 | 1512 (19.5) | 41.4 | 42.6 | 16.0 |
| 1500– | 487 (24.8) | 46.6 | 41.0 | 12.4 | 2057 (26.5) | 48.0 | 37.0 | 15.0 |
| 2500– | 680 (34.6) | 51.3 | 37.0 | 11.7 | 2542 (32.7) | 52.9 | 33.7 | 13.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | p = 0.341 | p = 0.015 | ||||||
| <23.0 | 1290 (65.2) | 47.5 | 41.1 | 11.4 | 4185 (53.0) | 46.4 | 38.0 | 15.6 |
| 23.0– | 603 (30.5) | 42.1 | 42.5 | 15.4 | 3126 (39.6) | 44.6 | 40.0 | 15.5 |
| 27.5– | 56 (2.8) | 42.9 | 46.4 | 10.7 | 474 (6.0) | 53.0 | 33.3 | 13.7 |
| 32.5– | 7 (0.4) | 42.9 | 42.9 | 14.3 | 25 (0.3) | 60.0 | 32.0 | 8.0 |
| 37.5– | 24 (1.2) | 47.8 | 43.5 | 8.7 | 80 (1.0) | 35.0 | 43.8 | 21.3 |
| Ever smoked tobacco (more than 100 cigarettes lifetime) | p = 0.327 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| No | 971 (48.3) | 43.8 | 43.3 | 13.0 | 4241 (53.5) | 45.4 | 37.8 | 16.9 |
| Yes | 1040 (51.7) | 47.0 | 40.3 | 12.7 | 3692 (46.5) | 46.6 | 39.6 | 13.8 |
| Ever drunk alcohol (occasionally or more frequently) | p < 0.001 | p = 0.029 | ||||||
| No | 885 (44.0) | 52.0 | 38.1 | 10.0 | 4254 (53.6) | 46.8 | 37.3 | 16.0 |
| Yes | 1126 (56.0) | 40.4 | 44.5 | 15.1 | 3679 (46.4) | 45.0 | 40.2 | 14.9 |
| Have family history of liver cancer | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
| No | 1735 (86.3) | 43.1 | 43.2 | 13.8 | 7684 (96.9) | 45.2 | 39.0 | 15.8 |
| Yes | 276 (13.7) | 60.5 | 32.6 | 6.9 | 249 (3.1) | 69.4 | 25.0 | 5.7 |
| HBsAg positive | p < 0.001 | p = 0.213 | ||||||
| No | 689 (56.8) | 35.9 | 45.6 | 18.5 | 6074 (93.5) | 46.6 | 38.4 | 15.0 |
| Yes | 524 (43.2) | 51.3 | 37.0 | 11.7 | 425 (6.5) | 48.9 | 39.2 | 11.9 |