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. 2019 Sep 6;11(9):2138. doi: 10.3390/nu11092138

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure and vitamin D (vitD) treatment on IL-8 secretion by 16HBE cells. (a) Increase in IL-8 secretion by 16HBE cells after 24 h CSE-exposure. (b,c) IL-8 secretion by 16HBE cells was decreased by 30 min pretreatment of vitD followed by 24 h exposure of CSE with 1,25(OH)₂D and 25(OH)D respectively. ## p < 0.01 compared to 0%, * p < 0.05 compared to 25% CSE, ** p < 0.01 compared to 25% CSE. Data pertain to the result of two independent experiments with three replicates each.