Table 6.
Penalty analysis of the control (C) and the reformulated muffins.
| Sample | Attribute | Level | % Consumers | Overall Liking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Surface colour | Much less | 23 | 7.03 |
| JAR | 70 | 7.05 | ||
| Much more | 7 | 7.28 | ||
| Crumb colour | Much less | 28 | 7.03 | |
| JAR | 59 | 7.05 | ||
| Much more | 13 | 7.03 | ||
| Sweetness | Much less | 23 | 7.02 | |
| JAR | 60 | 7.05 | ||
| Much more | 17 | 7.30 | ||
| Hardness | Much less | 17 | 7.05 | |
| JAR | 76 | 7.03 | ||
| Much more | 7 | 7.05 | ||
| Sponginess | Much less | 14 | 7.11 | |
| JAR | 53 | 7.03 | ||
| Much more | 33 | 7.05 | ||
| Flavour | Much less | 15 | 7.09 | |
| JAR | 64 | 7.05 | ||
| Much more | 21 | 7.03 | ||
| WP-10 | Surface colour | Much less | 5 | 6.26 |
| JAR | 57 | 6.34 | ||
| Much more | 38 | 6.34 | ||
| Crumb colour | Much less | 4 | 6.30 | |
| JAR | 33 | 6.35 | ||
| Much more | 63 | 6.29 | ||
| Sweetness | Much less | 39 | 6.35 | |
| JAR | 46 | 6.34 | ||
| Much more | 15 | 6.30 | ||
| Hardness | Much less | 9 | 6.30 | |
| JAR | 60 | 6.36 | ||
| Much more | 31 | 6.23 | ||
| Sponginess | Much less | 53 | 6.30 | |
| JAR | 36 | 6.29 | ||
| Much more | 11 | 6.40 | ||
| Flavour | Much less | 25 | 6.25 | |
| JAR | 59 | 6.34 | ||
| Much more | 16 | 6.34 | ||
| WP-20 | Surface colour | Much less | 7 | 5.60 |
| JAR | 52 | 5.56 | ||
| Much more | 41 | 5.58 | ||
| Crumb colour | Much less | 4 | 5.51 | |
| JAR | 29 | 5.56 | ||
| Much more | 67 | 5.58 | ||
| Sweetness | Much less | 46 | 5.57 | |
| JAR | 38 | 5.59 | ||
| Much more | 16 | 5.60 | ||
| Hardness | Much less | 2 | 3.33 | |
| JAR | 45 | 5.56 | ||
| Much more | 53 | 5.58 | ||
| Sponginess | Much less | 72 | 5.58 | |
| JAR | 28 | 5.59 | ||
| Much more | 0.00 | |||
| Flavour | Much less | 32 | 5.56 | |
| JAR | 39 | 5.60 | ||
| Much more | 29 | 5.59 | ||
| RP-10 | Surface colour | Much less | 0 | |
| JAR | 25 | 6.33 | ||
| Much more | 75 | 6.24 | ||
| Crumb colour | Much less | 1 | 4.00 | |
| JAR | 12 | 6.33 | ||
| Much more | 87 | 6.24 | ||
| Sweetness | Much less | 30 | 6.25 | |
| JAR | 59 | 6.29 | ||
| Much more | 11 | 6.39 | ||
| Hardness | Much less | 8 | 6.53 | |
| JAR | 69 | 6.29 | ||
| Much more | 23 | 6.24 | ||
| Sponginess | Much less | 54 | 6.24 | |
| JAR | 36 | 6.31 | ||
| Much more | 10 | 6.38 | ||
| Flavour | Much less | 28 | 6.25 | |
| JAR | 58 | 6.30 | ||
| Much more | 14 | 6.38 | ||
| RP-20 | Surface colour | Much less | 0.96 | 8.00 |
| JAR | 2.88 | 5.05 | ||
| Much more | 96.2 | 5.18 | ||
| Crumb colour | Much less | 1 | 6.00 | |
| JAR | 2 | 3.57 | ||
| Much more | 9 | 5.18 | ||
| Sweetness | Much less | 33 | 5.12 | |
| JAR | 27 | 5.18 | ||
| Much more | 40 | 5.22 | ||
| Hardness | Much less | 8 | 5.10 | |
| JAR | 54 | 5.13 | ||
| Much more | 39 | 5.19 | ||
| Sponginess | Much less | 63 | 5.18 | |
| JAR | 34 | 5.16 | ||
| Much more | 4 | 5.12 | ||
| Flavour | Much less | 12 | 5.12 | |
| JAR | 30 | 5.19 | ||
| Much more | 58 | 5.21 |
WP-10: muffin with 10% of white product (WP); WP-20: muffin with 20% of WP; RP-10: muffin with 10% of red product (RP); RP-20: muffin with 20% of RP.