Table 1.

Name and description of the genes.

Gene	Symbol	Function (NCBI Gene Database)
Interleukin 1 alpha	IL-1α	This cytokine is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various immune responses, inflammatory processes, and hematopoiesis. This cytokine is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed, and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis.
Interleukin 1 beta	IL-1β	This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Interleukin 3	IL-3	This cytokine is capable of supporting the proliferation of a broad range of hematopoietic cell types. It is involved in a variety of cell activities, such as cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Interleukin 4	IL-4	This cytokine is a ligand for interleukin 4 receptor. The interleukin 4 receptor also binds to IL13, which may contribute to many overlapping functions of this cytokine and IL13. STAT6, a signal transducer and activator of transcription, has been shown to play a central role in mediating the immune regulatory signal of this cytokine.
Interleukin 6	IL-6	This gene encodes a cytokine that functions in inflammation and the maturation of B cells. In addition, the encoded protein has been shown to be an endogenous pyrogen capable of inducing fever in people with autoimmune diseases or infections.
Interleukin 12	IL-12	This gene encodes a subunit of interleukin 12, a cytokine that acts on T and natural killer cells, and has a broad array of biological activities. This cytokine is expressed by activated macrophages that serve as an essential inducer of Th1 cells development.
Interleukin 16	IL-16	The cytokine function is exclusively attributed to the secreted C-terminal peptide, while the N-terminal product may play a role in cell cycle control. Caspase 3 is reported to be involved in the proteolytic processing of this protein.
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha	TNF-α	This gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation.
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1	CXCL1	This protein plays a role in inflammation, and as a chemoattractant for neutrophils.
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2	CXCL2	This antimicrobial gene is part of a chemokine superfamily that encodes secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes.
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3	CXCL3	This protein plays a role in inflammation, and as a chemoattractant for neutrophils.
TNF alpha induced protein 3	TNFAIP3	This gene was identified as a gene whose expression is rapidly induced by the tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The protein has been shown to inhibit NF-kappa B activation, as well as TNF-mediated apoptosis.
TNF receptor superfamily member 11 alpha	TNFRSF11A	This receptor can interact with various TRAF family proteins, through which this receptor induces the activation of NF-kappa B and MAPK8/JNK.
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11	CXCL11	Chemokines also play fundamental roles in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system, and they have effects on cells of the central nervous system, as well as on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis.
Macrophage colony stimulating factor	MCS-F	The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages.
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	CCL2	Chemokines are a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes.
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3	CCL3	This locus represents a small inducible cytokine. The encoded protein, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha, plays a role in inflammatory responses through binding to the receptors CCR1, CCR4, and CCR5
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	CCL4	The encoded protein is secreted, and has chemokinetic and inflammatory functions.
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7	CCL7	This gene encodes monocyte chemotactic protein 3, a secreted chemokine, which attracts macrophages during inflammation and metastasis.
Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor-like 2	CCRL2	Chemokines and their receptors mediated signal transduction are critical for the recruitment of effector immune cells to the site of inflammation. This gene is expressed at high levels in primary neutrophils and primary monocytes, and is further upregulated on neutrophil activation, and during monocyte to macrophage differentiation.
Nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	NFκB1	This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein. This protein is a Rel protein-specific transcription inhibitor, and the 50 kD protein is a DNA binding subunit of the NF-B (NFKB) protein complex.
Nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2	NFκB2	This gene encodes a subunit of the transcription factor complex NF-B. The NF-B complex is expressed in numerous cell types, and functions as a central activator of genes involved in inflammation and immune function.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4	MAP4K4	This kinase has been shown to specifically activate MAPK8/JNK, and mediate the TNF-alpha signaling pathway.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 11	MAPK11	This gene encodes a member of a family of protein kinases that are involved in the integration of biochemical signals for a wide variety of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, transcriptional regulation, and development.
Notch homolog 1	Notch1	Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway. This receptor plays a role in the development of numerous cell and tissue types. Mutations in this gene are associated with aortic valve disease, Adams-Oliver syndrome, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Notch homolog 2	Notch2	Notch family members play a role in a variety of developmental processes by controlling cell fate decisions. The Notch signaling network is an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway, which regulates interactions between physically adjacent cells.

Name and description of the genes with a significant difference compared with control (p < 0.05).