CD56bright natural killer (NK) cell	Immunoregulatory subset (~10%) of NK cells producing type I pro-inflammatory cytokines
CD56dim NK cell	Cytotoxic subset (~90%) of NK cells characterized by high production of perforin and granzyme B.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)	Chimeric proteins that fuse an extracellular tumor antigen-targeting domain with a lymphocyte (T- or NK cell)-activating intracellular moiety.
Bi-/Tri-specific killer cell engager (Bi-/TriKE)	Advanced biologicals engineered to express antibody domains capable of binding multiple unique antigens (e.g., 2 antigens /Bi- or 3 antigens/Tri on NK cells and tumor cells to promote NK cell activation and binding to tumor cells)
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)	Large family of highly polymorphic NK cell receptors (also expressed in a subset of T-cells) which regulate cytotoxicity by engaging “self” molecules, such as MHC-I.
Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I)	Multi-protein complex expressed by all nucleated cells in mammals. MHC-I presents peptide fragments (derived from self, non-self and neo-antigens) to cytotoxic T-cells.
Natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR)	Family of type I transmembrane proteins which, when stimulated, trigger NK cell degranulation and cytotoxicity; most tumor-associated NCR ligands are unknown.
Neoantigen-dependent killing	Peptides arising from tumor mutations are presented to T-cells in the context of MHC-I, triggering clonal expansion of cytotoxic T-cells which specifically target tumor cells expressing the cognate neoantigen.
Neoantigen-independent killing	Cytotoxicity which does not require priming by a specific antigen; NK cell cytotoxicity is antigen-independent and therefore not restricted to tumor cells that express the cognate neoantigen.
Microsatellite instability (MSI)	Type of genetic instability arising from defective DNA mismatch repair, resulting in a hypermutated phenotype.
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL)	Lymphocyte which has migrated from the peripheral blood into a solid tumor; This term often refers to tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells.
Tumor mutation burden (TMB)	Number of mutations per coding area of a tumor genome; high TMB is associated with better responses to checkpoint immunotherapy.