Table 1.
Strategies to target cancer cells via glucose metabolism.
| Target | Agent | Cancer | Phase | ReferenceNCT No./Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLUT1 | WZB117 | NSCLC | H1299 and A549 (in vitro and in vivo) | 22689530 |
| Breast | MCF-7 (in vitro and in vivo) | |||
| Breast | MCF-7/ADR resistant (in vitro) | 28609310 | ||
| Breast | MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 | 27011212 | ||
| Colon | 5-FU-resistant human colon cancer cell line (in vitro) | 25227787 | ||
| Neuroblastoma | SH-SY5Y (in vitro) | 30553996 | ||
| Glioblastoma | Tumor-derived A172 | 29949049 | ||
| STF31 | RCC | RCC4, Caki-1, SN12C (in vitro) 786-O and (in vitro and in vivo) | 21813754 | |
| Apigenin | Pancreatic cancer | CD18 and S2-013 pancreatic cancer cell lines | 18953257 | |
| Colon cancer | Phase 2 prevention of the recurrence of neoplasia | NCT00609310 | ||
| Genistein/Isoflavone G-2535 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | HCC-LM3, SMMC7721, Hep3B, Bel-7402, and Huh-7 | 28926527 | |
| Prostate | Phase 2 | NCT00058266 | ||
| NSCLC | Phase 2 | NCT01628471 | ||
| Colorectal | Phase 2 | NCT01985763 | ||
| Prostate | Phase 3 | NCT00584532 | ||
| Breast | Phase 2 | NCT00290758 | ||
| Endometrial | Phase 1 | NCT00099008 | ||
| Pancreatic | Phase 2 | NCT00882765 | ||
| Bladder (I, II, III) | Phase 2 | NCT00118040 | ||
| Kidney | Early Phase 1 | NCT00276835 | ||
| Melanoma | Early Phase 1 | NCT00276835 | ||
| Head and Neck | Phase 1 | NCT02075112 | ||
| Leukemia | Phase 1 | NCT00004858 | ||
| Lymphoma | Phase 1 | NCT00004858 | ||
| Resveratrol/SRT501 | Ovarian cancer | PA-1, OVCAR3, MDAH2774,SKOV-3 | 25307508 | |
| Colon | Phase 1 | NCT00256334 | ||
| Liver | Phase 2 | NCT02261844 | ||
| Colon | Phase 1 | NCT00433576 | ||
| Colorectal | Phase 1 | NCT00920803 | ||
| Solid Tumor | Phase 1 | NCT00098969 | ||
| Multiple Myeloma | Phase 2 | NCT00920556 | ||
| Forskolin | Multiple Myeloma | H929 and OM-2 | 26306624 | |
| Quercetin | Breast and ovarian cancer | MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HBL100, BT549, OVCAR5, TOV112D, OVCAR3, CAOV3 | 26259240 | |
| GLUT2 | Phloretin | Hepatocellular carcinoma | HepG2 | 19123483 |
| GLUT3 | Adriamycin and etoposide | Cervical and colon cancer | Hela and Caco-2 cell lines in vitro and in vivo | 20870738 |
| GLUT4 | Ritonavir | Multiple myeloma | MM.1S and U266 cell lines | 22452979 |
| GLUT5 | N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)-2-nitrophenyl]-1,3-benzodioxol-5-amine (MSNBA) | Breast cancer | MCF-7 | 27074918 |
| SLCA15 | GPNA, Benzylserine, γ-FBP, AOC, Chloroalanine | in silico | 26444490, 29212300 | |
| HK | 3-Bromopyruvate | Melanoma | in vivo | 30206027 |
| 2 Deoxy Glucose | Breast cancer | SKBR-3, MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, BT474 | 12232767 | |
| Prostate cancer | Phase 2 | NCT00633087 | ||
| Solid tumors | Phase 1 | NCT00096707 | ||
| Lonidamine | Melanoma | DB-1 xenograft model | 27497601 | |
| 3PO | Bladder cancer | in vitro | 26504012 | |
| PFK | N4A | Lung cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer | in vivo | 23674815 |
| Breast Cancer | in vivo | 18202014 | ||
| Breast Cancer, Cervical cancer | HeLa, T47D | 21957443 | ||
| GAPDH | Gossypol | Non-small Cell Lung Cancer | in vitro | 30038571 |
| Non-small Cell Lung Cancer | in vitro | 31055235 | ||
| PKM | ML265 | Lung cancer | in vitro | 23905203 |
| LDH | Oxamate | Renal cell carcinoma | in vivo | 28983605 |
| FX11 | Breast Cancer | in vivo | 28243322 | |
| Neuroblastoma | in vitro | 27919448 | ||
| Prostate cancer | in vitro | 25983002 | ||
| AT101 /Gossypol | Lymphoma | in vivo | 20133848 | |
| Prostate Cancer | Phase 2 | NCT00666666 | ||
| Small Cell Lung Cancer | Phase 2 | NCT00773955 | ||
| Galloflavin | Breast cancer | in vitro | 22954722 | |
| Endometrial cancer | in vitro | 25631326 | ||
| PDH | DCA | Oral squamous cell carcinoma | in vitro | 25544754 |
| Head and Neck cancer | Phase 1 | NCT01163487 | ||
| TT232 | Melanoma | Phase 2 | 16393913 | |
| MCT-4 | Phloretin | Breast cancer, prostate cancer, lymphoma | in vitro | 27127175 |
| Complex 1 | Metformin | Colon cancer | in vitro and in vivo | 24843020 |
| Rotenone | Leukemia | in vitro | 12496265 | |
| Piericidin | Breast cancer | in vitro | 23690779 | |
| Complex 2 | TTFA | Melanoma | in vitro | 26521302 |
| Complex 3 | Stigmatellin | Lung cancer and Bone osteosarcoma | in vitro | 17562787 |
| Myxothiazol | Colon cancer | in vitro | 24772329 |