| SLE | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| Gal-1 | Galectin-1 |
| NEU | Neuraminidase |
| ConA | Concanavalin-A |
| LCA | Lens culinaris agglutinin |
| WGA | Wheat germ agglutinin |
| PHA | phytohaemagglutinin |
| PHA-L | Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin |
| SNA | Sambucus nigra agglutinin |
| MFI | Median fluorescence intensity |
| MGAT1–5- | Beta-N acetylglucosaminyltransferases |
| MAN | Mannosidase |
| MGAT | N-Acetyl glucosaminyltransferase |
| ST | Sialyltransferase |
| SLEDAI-2K | SLE disease activity index-2000 |
| Anti-dsDNA | Antibody to double-stranded DNA |
| PBMC | Peripheral blood mononuclear cell |
| PBS | Phosphate buffered saline |
| FACS | Fluorescence-activated cell sorting |