Effects of RIS on 8-OhdG and 4-HNE immunoreactivities after TI under UBT and CBT conditions. Representative images of immunohistochemistry for 8-OhdG (A) and 4-HNE (B) in the hippocampal CA1 after TI under UBT and CBT conditions. Under UBT condition, 8-OhdG and 4-HNE immunoreactivities in the TI + vehicle group are significantly increased in CA1 pyramidal neurons of the stratum pyramidale (SP, asterisks) in the TI + vehicle group under UBT and TI + RIS group under CBT at 1 day after TI; however, the immunoreactivities are significantly low (arrows) in the TI + RIS group under UBT. Scale bar = 50 μm. Note analyses of 8-OhdG (C) and 4-HNE (D) immunoreactivity in the SP. A ratio of the ROD is calibrated as %, with the sham + vehicle group designated as 100%. The bars indicate the means ± SEM, n = 7/group, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a post-hoc Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test (* p < 0.05 vs. sham + vehicle group under UBT condition; # p < 0.05 vs. TI + vehicle group under UBT condition; † p < 0.05 vs. TI + RIS group under UBT condition).