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. 2019 Sep 11;8(9):390. doi: 10.3390/antiox8090390

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Protective Effects of Zeaxanthin on Eyes, Liver, Heart, and Skin. Zeaxanthin has been shown to have protective effects in eyes by preventing age-related macular degeneration (AMD) [64,65,66], quenching reactive oxygen species (ROS) [71], and protecting against UV light; In the liver, it protects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), reduces fibrosis and lipid peroxidation [87], and reduces oxidative stress and inflammation; in the arteries and blood, zeaxanthin prevents LDL oxidation [102], reduces arterial stiffness [104], and protects against atherosclerosis [106]; and in the skin, zeaxanthin protects against UV light [111], reduces inflammation [112], and inhibits sunburn [111]. MDA: Malonadlehyde.