Table 1.
Main fermentation parameters of preliminary screening of M. pulcherrima in sequential fermentation trials with S. cerevisiae EC1118 inoculated after 72 h of fermentation in SGJ.
| Fermentation Trials. (Agitation Condition) |
Sugar Consumed (g/L) |
Ethanol (%v/v) |
Volatile Acidity (g/L) |
Fermentation Trials (Static condition) |
Sugar Consumed (g/L) |
Ethanol (%v/v) |
Volatile Acidity (g/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S. cerevisiae | 219.8 ± 0.1 a | 12.49 ± 0.19 a | 0.45 ± 0.03 bc | S. cerevisiae | 219.9 ± 1.6 a | 12.63 ± 0.12 ab | 0.42 ± 0.01 ab |
| M. pulcherrima free cells (10%) | 219.9 ± 0 a | 12.15 ± 0.21 ab | 0.40 ± 0.08 bc | M. pulcherrima free cells (10%) | 219.9 ± 2 a | 12.42 ± 0.19 ab | 0.27 ± 0.01 b |
| M. pulcherrima free cells (5%) | 219.9 ± 0 a | 12.08 ± 0.08 ab | 0.45 ± 0.06 bc | M. pulcherrima free cells (5%) | 219.9 ± 1.5 a | 12.57 ± 0.14 ab | 0.44 ± 0.05 ab |
| M. pulcherrima free cells (1%) | 219.9 ± 0 a | 12.31 ± 0.36 ab | 0.50 ± 0.00 b | M. pulcherrima free cells (1%) | 219.7 ± 0.3 a | 12.72 ± 0.02 a | 0.39 ± 0.05 ab |
| M. pulcherrima immobilized cells (10%) | 219.9 ± 0 a | 11.87 ± 0.11 b | 0.60 ± 0.00 a | M. pulcherrima immobilized cells (10%) | 219.9 ± 1.3 a | 11.92 ± 0.02 c | 0.43 ± 0.07 ab |
| M. pulcherrima immobilized cells (5%) | 219.9 ± 0 a | 11.95 ± 0.04 b | 0.36 ± 0.00 c | M. pulcherrima immobilized cells (5%) | 219.9 ± 0.6 a | 12.38 ± 0.05 b | 0.39 ± 0.05 ab |
| M. pulcherrima immobilized cells (1%) | 219.8 ± 0.1 a | 12.07 ± 0.03 ab | 0.45 ± 0.00 ab | M. pulcherrima immobilized cells (1%) | 219.8 ± 0.5 a | 12.33 ± 0.04 ab | 0.50 ± 0.03 a |
The initial sugar concentration was 220 g/L. Data are means ± standard deviations from three independent experiments. Data with different superscript letters (a,b,c) within each column are different homogeneous groups according to Duncan tests (0.05%).