Table 2.

Change in BMI, serum magnesium, glucose, and lipid parameters over time in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Parameters		Baseline	p-Value +	6 Months	p-Value +	12 Months	p-Value +	p-Value Group +	p-Value Time +	p-Value Group * Time +
		Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD
BMI (kg/m2)	Non-diabetics	43.7 ± 4.9	0.504	32.0 ± 3.8	0.020	28.0 ± 4.2	0.001	0.004	<0.001	0.001
	Diabetics	43.9 ± 3.7		32.4 ± 3.9		29.0 ± 2.5
Magnesium (mmol/L)	Non-diabetics	0.83 ± 0.05	0.006	0.84 ± 0.04	0.350	0.84 ± 0.05	0.248	0.033	0.286	0.474
	Diabetics	0.78 ± 0.07		0.78 ± 0.05		0.78 ± 0.09
Glucose (mg/dL)	Non-diabetics	87.6 ± 8.1	<0.001	83.5 ± 5.5	0.029	82.2 ± 5.8	0.019	<0.001	0.001	0.733
	Diabetics	129.9 ± 41.3		134.6 ± 26.5		131 ± 25.7
HbA1c (%)	Non-diabetics	5.3 ± 0.5	0.001	5.1 ± 0.3	0.006	5.1 ± 0.4	0.057	0.264	<0.001	<0.001
	Diabetics	6.7 ± 1.4		6.2 ± 0.7		6.4 ± 0.8
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	Non-diabetics	164.5 ± 89.4	0.072	91.3 ± 29.8	0.018	85.3 ± 34.9	0.643	0.453	<0.001	0.007
	Diabetics	147.2 ± 69.6		144.2 ± 30.6		104.6 ± 23.2
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	Non-diabetics	197.6 ± 31.9	0.707	165.5 ± 38.7	0.507	163.7 ± 29.6	0.474	0.547	<0.001	0.604
	Diabetics	198.9 ± 59		170.5 ± 38.9		169.5 ± 56.1
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	Non-diabetics	46.3 ± 10.3	0.324	47.4 ± 10.2	0.995	53.8 ± 9.4	0.303	0.301	<0.001	0.681
	Diabetics	48.2 ± 14.1		45.1 ± 8.9		55.1 ± 11.2
Cholesterol/HDL ratio	Non-diabetics	4.5 ± 1.3	0.272	3.6 ± 0.8	0.761	3.1 ± 0.8	0.900	0.582	<0.001	0.726
	Diabetics	4.3 ± 1.2		3.7 ± 0.7		3.1 ± 1.0
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	Non-diabetics	120 ± 29.9	0.849	99.8 ± 32.3	0.971	92.9 ± 24.9	0.735	0.924	<0.001	0.916
	Diabetics	121.2 ± 48.9		96.5 ± 35.8		93.5 ± 52.1

Body Mass Index (BMI), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA_1c), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Low density lipoprotein (LDL). ⁺ Repeated measure analysis of variance and post hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction, adjusted for baseline value, age, and sex. Group * Time means group-by-time interaction. A p-value in bold denotes a significant difference (p < 0.05).