Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Health Characteristics of the Sample Stratified by NAFLD Status
| Non‐NAFLD (n = 337) | NAFLD (n = 222) | P value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N Obs | Estimate | N (%) | Estimate | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 337 | 13.7 (4.0) | 222 | 13.6 (2.9) | 0.687 |
| Sex, count (%) | |||||
| Male | 337 | 132 (39.1) | 222 | 135 (60.8) | <0.001 |
| Race/ethnicity, count (%) | |||||
| Non‐Hispanic black | 337 | 132 (38.9) | 222 | 25 (11.3) | <0.001 |
| Non‐Hispanic white | 128 (37.8) | 70 (31.5) | 0.16 | ||
| Hispanic | 66 (19.5) | 121 (54.5) | <0.001 | ||
| Asian/other | 10 (2.9) | 4 (1.8) | 0.75 | ||
| Weight status, count (%) | |||||
| Normal/underweight | 332 | 100 (29.4) | 222 | 4 (1.8) | <0.001 |
| Overweight | 45 (13.6) | 15 (6.8) | 0.027 | ||
| Obese | 187 (57.0) | 203 (91.4) | <0.001 | ||
| Waist circumference, mean (SD) | 237 | 96.0 (18.98) | 140 | 104.3 (17.91) | <0.001 |
| Hip circumference, mean (SD) | 236 | 104.9 (16.46) | 140 | 107.0 (16.93) | 0.24 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 328 | 87.9 (12.7) | 220 | 88.3 (12.4) | 0.69 |
| 2‐Hour glucose (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 233 | 117.7 (29.7) | 115 | 127.2 (33.9) | 0.012 |
| Fasting insulin (mg//dL), mean (SD) | 238 | 27.8 (22.8) | 138 | 37.9 (21.5) | <0.001 |
| WBISI, mean (SD) | 226 | 2.4 (1.54) | 113 | 1.5 (0.79) | <0.001 |
| Insulinogenic index, mean (SD) | 218 | 4.7 (5.47) | 112 | 5.6 (4.58) | 0.15 |
| Disposition index, mean (SD) | 217 | 9.3 (16.64) | 112 | 7.1 (6.10) | 0.19 |
| HOMA‐IR, mean (SD) | 238 | 6.3 (5.38) | 138 | 8.7 (5.33) | <0.001 |
| HBA1C (%), mean (SD) | 204 | 5.5 (0.28) | 97 | 5.5 (0.34) | 0.07 |
| Diabetes diagnoses, count (%) | |||||
| Type 2 diabetes | 328 | 8 (2.7) | 220 | 4 (2.3) | 0.99 |
| Impaired glucose tolerance | 233 | 40 (17.2) | 115 | 26 (22.6) | 0.28 |
| Impaired fasting glucose | 328 | 26 (10.2) | 220 | 24 (14.0) | 0.69 |
| ALT (U/L), median (IQR) | 308 | 19 (28) | 204 | 24 (27) | <0.001 |
| AST (U/L), median (IQR) | 307 | 43 (65.3) | 203 | 32 (24.5) | <0.001 |
| Total‐C (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 304 | 158.4 (41.2) | 203 | 163.8 (37.9) | 0.13 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 304 | 89.3 (56.7) | 203 | 130.9 (71.6) | <0.001 |
| HDL‐C (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 304 | 46.7 (13.8) | 203 | 43.9 (10.9) | 0.010 |
| LDL‐C (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 304 | 93.8 (38.0) | 203 | 96.7 (32.3) | 0.34 |
*
P values calculated using Student t tests or chi‐square tests. For ALT and AST, nonparametric Mann‐Whitney U test was performed due to non‐normality of the variables. Bold values indicate clinically important differences between groups.
Abbreviations: C, cholesterol, HBA1C, hemoglobin A1C; IQR, interquartile range.