Table 3:
Regression Estimates of the Association between CON and PCI Patient Costs and Reimbursement
| ln(Cost) | ln(Reimbursement) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | |
| after CON dropped | 0.008 (0.34) | −0.015 (−0.64) | 0.015 (0.73) | 0.019 (0.96) | 0.007 (0.23) | −0.020 (−1.41) | −0.043** (−4.67) | ||
| 1 year before CON dropped | −0.021 (−1.00) | −0.025** (−2.69) | |||||||
| year CON dropped | −0.003 (−0.12) | −0.045** (−4.36) | |||||||
| 1 year after CON dropped | 0.020 (0.79) | −0.063** (−4.34) | |||||||
| 2 years after CON dropped | 0.022 (0.82) | −0.075** (−5.87) | |||||||
| 3+ years after CON dropped | 0.003 (0.13) | −0.049** (−3.87) | |||||||
| New Post-CON facility | −0.005 (−0.13) | −0.029 (−0.50) | 0.008 (0.14) | −0.026 (−0.44) | −0.035 (−0.66) | −0.071* (−2.06) | −0.074* (−2.18) | ||
| PCI Volume | −0.0008** (−4.96) | −0.0006** (−3.93) | −0.0005** (−3.78) | −0.0005** (−3.74) | 9.03e-05 (−0.78) | 1.17e-05 (−0.14) | −0.00005 (−0.63) | −0.00005 (−0.69) | |
| PCI Volume2 | 8.38e-07** (3.22) | 6.61e-07** (2.78) | 6.26e-07** (2.66) | 6.23e-07** (2.63) | −1.91e-07 (−1.19) | −1.23e-07 (−1.07) | −4.58e-08 (−0.43) | −4.01e-08 (−0.38) | |
| PCI Volume3 | −2.51e-10* (−2.59) | −2.17e-10* (−2.47) | −1.97e-10** (−2.23) | −1.96e-10* (−2.19) | 8.07e-11 (1.40) | 5.64e-11 (−1.41) | 3.16e-11 (0.90) | 2.97e-11 (0.84) | |
| ln(Labor Costs) | 0.295** (2.83) | 0.435** (3.98) | 0.423** (3.78) | 0.434** (3.97) | 1.026 (21.96) | 0.945** (15.17) | 0.945** (15.15) | ||
| HMO Penetration | −0.241** (−3.36) | −0.104 (−1.62) | −0.101 (−1.51) | −0.106 (−1.63) | −0.035 (−0.92) | −0.041 (−1.23) | −0.039 (−1.17) | ||
| Hospital Market Concentration | −0.041 (−1.21) | −0.035 (−1.01) | −0.049 (−1.40) | −0.035 (−1.01) | −0.046 (−2.19) | −0.046* (−2.27) | −0.046* (−2.26) | ||
| Other Controlsa | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Fixed Effects | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
a
Other controls include indicator variables for each sample year, sex, age, race, transfer patient, urgent and emergent admissions, principal diagnosis of AMI, Elixhauser comorbidities, as well as income, a constant, and state-level fixed effects. PCI regressions also include indicators for multivessel PCI and coronary stent placement. NOTE: Sample size = 1,723,783
*
p-value≤.05
**
p-value≤.01