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Models of lncRNA mechanisms of action. (A) Decoy. LncRNA can act as decoys that titrate away DNA-binding proteins such as transcription factors or regulatory RNAs such as miRNAs. (B) Scaffold. LncRNAs may act as scaffolds to bring two or more proteins into a complex or spatial proximity which, if through chromosome looping, can function as an enhancer. (C) Guide. LncRNAs may act as guides to recruit proteins such as chromatin modification enzymes to DNA.
