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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Immunol. 2018 Sep 7;3(27):eaaq0491. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaq0491

Fig. 3 – Single cell imaging of drugs and their effects on immune cells.

Fig. 3 –

(A) Intravital imaging can reveal drugs’ PK (left) and PD (right) at single cell resolution. The examples listed below indicate which types of drugs, cells and responses can be detected and are relevant to immunology. (B) A PK study reveals that the immune checkpoint blocker anti-PD-1 mAb (aPD-1 mAb, gray) binds to T cells (green) only transiently in the tumor stroma (25). (C) A PD study reveals that radiation therapy primes tumor-associated macrophages (blue) to initiate vascular bursts (courtesy of M. Miller, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston). Credit: A. Kitterman/AAAS