Table 4.
Blood pressure measurements and relation to lobar and nonlobar CMB. Odds ratios (ORs) for coexisting CMB are from the multivariate logistic regression analysis (adjusted for age and sex). In the nonlobar subcohort, all cases with strictly lobar CMB have been excluded. In the lobar subcohort, all cases with deep, mixed or cerebellar CMB have been excluded
| n | Multivariate (n = 290) Nonlobar subcohort | n cases | Multivariate (n = 311) Lobar subcohort |
Lobar CMB n = 54 |
Nonlobar CMB n = 33 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P | OR | 95% CI | P | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure (SBP) mean (median), range | 144 (142), 98‐210 | 1.03 | 1.01‐1.05 | 0.007 | 143 (142) 98‐210 | 1.01 | 0.99‐1.03 | 0.258 | 143 (144) 100‐172 | 149.5 (147) 122‐186 |
| Systolic hypertension | 161 (55.5%) | 2.17 | 1.00‐4.69 | 0.049 | 171 (55%) | 1.65 | 0.89‐3.04 | 0.110 | 32 (59.3%) | 22 (66.7%) |
| Missing | 3 (1%) | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 4 (1.3%) | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 1 (1.9%) | 0 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) mean (median), range | 78 (79), 45‐98 | 1.02 | 0.98‐1.06 | 0.392 | 78 (79) 45‐100 | 1.01 | 0.98‐1.05 | 0.452 | 78 (78), 56‐100 | 78 (79) 50‐98 |
| Diastolic hypertension | 28 (9.7%) | 2.69 | 1.04‐6.96 | 0.042 | 32 (10.3%) | 2.51 | 1.11‐5.63 | 0.026 | 9 (16.7%) | 5 (15.2%) |
| Missing | 9 (3.1%) | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 9 (2.9%) | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (3%) |
| Hypertension (SBP or DBP) | 167 (57.6%) | 3.11 | 1.33‐7.28 | 0.009 | 176 (56.6%) | 1.67 | 0.90‐3.09 | 0.105 | 33 (61.1%) | 24 (72.7%) |
| Peripheral pulse pressure, mm Hg left arm, mean (median), range | 65 (62), 25‐128 | 1.03 | 1.01‐1.05 | 0.014 | 64 (61) 25‐128 | 1.01 | 0.99‐1.03 | 0.338 | 64 (64), 40‐91 | 70 (69), 43‐103 |
| 0‐60 | 135 (46.6%) | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | 147 (47.3%) | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | 22 (40.7%) | 10 (30.3%) |
| 61‐80 | 87 (30%) | 2.72 | 1.12‐6.61 | 0.027 | 97 (31.2%) | 2.13 | 1.09‐4.14 | 0.027 | 21 (38.9%) | 11 (33.3%) |
| >81 | 59 (20.3%) | 3.17 | 1.25‐8.02 | 0.015 | 58 (18.6%) | 1.43 | 0.63‐3.27 | 0.392 | 10 (18.5%) | 11 (33.3%) |
| Ankle‐brachial index (ABI), left side mean (median), range | 1.12 (1.14) 0.51‐1.74 | 0.13 | 0.01‐1.45 | 0.098 | 1.16 (1.17), 0.59‐1.56 | 1.09 (1.09) 0.85‐1.33 | ||||
| ABI < 0.9 | 20 (6.9%) | 1.83 | 0.56‐6.01 | 0.322 | 19 (6.1%) | 0.84 | 0.23‐3.09 | 0.792 | 3 (5.6%) | 4 (12.1%) |
| ABI 0.9‐1.29 | 227 (78.3%) | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | 245 (78.8%) | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | 43 (79.6%) | 25 (75.8%) |
| ABI ≥ 1.3 | 29 (10%) | 0.36 | 0.08‐1.67 | 0.191 | 33 (10.6%) | 0.65 | 0.24‐1.71 | 0.379 | 6 (11.1%) | 2 (6.1%) |
| Orthostatic intolerance with symptoms at tilting the past year | 88 (30.3%) | 1.24 | 0.59‐2.58 | 0.574 | 94 (30.2) | 1.20 | 0.64‐2.25 | 0.561 | 18 (33.3%) | 12 (36.4%) |
| Orthostatic hypotension at tilting during medical examination | 30 (10.3%) | 0.84 | 0.27‐2.63 | 0.758 | 32 (10.3%) | 0.88 | 0.34‐2.32 | 0.803 | 6 (11.1%) | 4 (12.1%) |
| BP phenotypes | ||||||||||
| Healthy controlsa | 61 (21%) | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | 71 (22.8%) | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | 11 (20.4%) | 1 (3%) |
| Controlled hypertensionb | 55 (19%) | 9.18 | 1.09‐77.14 | 0.041 | 55 (17.7%) | 0.84 | 0.31‐2.32 | 0.738 | 8 (14.8%) | 8 (24.2%) |
| Uncontrolled hypertensionc | 77 (26.6%) | 14.40 | 1.82‐114.10 | 0.012 | 79 (25.4%) | 1.54 | 0.65‐3.64 | 0.326 | 15 (27.8%) | 13 (39.4%) |
| Untreated hypertension/ WCSd | 75 (25.9%) | 9.08 | 1.09‐75.52 | 0.041 | 82 (26.4%) | 1.53 | 0.64‐3.66 | 0.336 | 15 (27.8%) | 8 (24.2%) |
| Previous antihypertensive treatmente | 8 (2.8%) | 10.63 | 0.58‐195.82 | 0.112 | 9 (2.9%) | 1.65 | 0.29‐9.26 | 0.576 | 2 (3.7%) | 1 (3%) |
| Missing/excluded | 14 (4.8%) | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 15 (4.8%) | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 3 (5.6%) | 2 (6.1%) |
| Duration of antihypertensive treatment, mean (median), range | 14 (12) 2‐54 | 1.03 | 0.99‐1.08 | 0.196 | 13.7 (12) 2‐54 | 1.01 | 0.97‐1.06 | 0.602 | 14.9 (13), 2‐45 | 17 (14), 6‐40 |
| No treatment | 155 (53.4%) | 0.59 | 0.23‐1.49 | 0.587 | 173 (55.6%) | 1.55 | 0.65‐3.68 | 0.324 | 30 (55.6%) | 12 (36.4%) |
| 1‐10 y | 59 (20.3%) | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | 58 (18.6%) | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | 7 (13%) | 8 (24.2%) |
| 11‐20 y | 42 (14.5%) | 1.36 | 0.47‐3.92 | 0.570 | 46 (14.8%) | 2.15 | 0.78‐5.93 | 0.137 | 10 (18.5%) | 6 (18.2%) |
| >20 y | 24 (8.3%) | 2.20 | 0.70‐6.90 | 0.178 | 21 (6.8%) | 1.52 | 0.40‐5.80 | 0.544 | 4 (7.4%) | 7 (21.2%) |
Abbreviation: HT, hypertension; WCS = white coat syndrome.
No present or previous antihypertensive treatment, no BP‐lowering drugs, no drugs indicated for HT, not hypertensive at medical examination.
Reports antihypertensive treatment, takes BP‐lowering drugs with an indication for HT, not hypertensive at medical examination.
Reports antihypertensive treatment, takes BP‐lowering drugs with an indication for HT, hypertensive at medical examination.
No present or previous antihypertensive treatment, no BP‐lowering drugs, no drugs indicated for HT, hypertensive at medical examination.
No present antihypertensive treatment, reports previous treatment for HT, no BP‐lowering drugs, no drugs indicated for HT. All cases are hypertensive at medical examination.