Table 3.
Association of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation guidelines with the growth rate of new HIV infections per 100 000 population
| Per cent change in new HIV infection rate per 100 000 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |
| ART initiation guidelines | ||
| Initiation at CD4 count ≤ 350 cells/μL | Reference | Reference |
| Initiation at CD4 count ≤ 500 cells/μL | −17* (−0.30 to −0.043) | −16* (−0.30 to −0.014) |
| Initiation at any CD4 count (test‐and‐treat) | −8.2 (−0.21 to 0.043) | −6.3 (−0.24 to 0.11) |
| Per 1% increase in GDP per capita (≈$927) | −0.031 (−0.095 to 0.033) | |
| Per $1000 increase in health care expenditure per capita | −0.00054 (−0.044 to 0.043) | |
| Per 1 SD increase in HIV prevalence (SD = 0.17%) | −0.025 (−0.053 to 0.0036) | |
| Region | ||
| EU/EEA | Reference | |
| Eastern Europe and Central Asia | −0.013 (−0.18 to 0.16) | |
| Number of countries | 36 | 36 |
| R 2 | 0.217 | 0.262 |
A constant was included in all models but is not shown. 95% confidence intervals are shown in brackets. Model 1: unadjusted; model 2: adjusted for level of economic development, HIV prevalence, subregion and public health care expenditure.
EU/EEA, European Union and European Economic Area; SD, standard deviation.
*P < 0.05.