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. 2019 Oct 1;14(10):e0222846. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222846

Table 3. Analyzed behaviors during AAT and control therapy sessions.

Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Behavior Setting N M SD Rate time Rate input IRR 95% CI p-value IRR 95% CI p-value IRR 95% CI p-value
Eye movement+ Control 73 26.71 29.68 3.99 18.04 1.17 1.11 to 1.24 <0.001* 1.17 1.10 to 1.25 <0.001* 1.31 1.23 to 1.40 <0.001*
AAT 78 35.47 37.46 5.05 31.07
Movement total Control 73 30.03 31.79 3.51 20.28 0.85 0.80 to 0.91 <0.001* 0.87 0.82 to 0.93 <0.001* 1.08 1.00 to 1.16 0.048*
AAT 78 26.06 29.17 2.94 22.82
Movement active Control 73 14.95 14.68 1.75 10.10 0.97 0.89 to 1.05 0.441 0.95 0.86 to 1.04 0.240 1.13 1.02 to 1.25 0.018*
AAT 78 14.97 17.55 1.69 13.11
Movement reactive Control 73 15.08 24.68 1.76 10.19 0.74 0.67 to 0.80 <0.001* 0.78 0.71 to 0.87 <0.001* 0.98 0.88 to 1.10 0.756
AAT 78 11.09 17.65 1.25 0.71
Phonation Control 73 0.60 1.61 0.07 0.41 1.92 1.32 to 2.78 <0.001* 1.38 0.87 to 2.18 0.173 1.23 0.74 to 2.07 0.423
AAT 78 0.96 4.51 0.11 0.84
Positive facial expression Control 73 1.19 2.65 0.14 0.81 1.14 0.85 to 1.52 0.382 1.10 0.79 to 1.54 0.567 1.05 0.72 to 1.55 0.795
AAT 78 1.23 32.48 0.14 1.09
Negative facial expression Control 73 2.10 6.57 0.24 1.42 0.86 0.68 to 1.08 0.200 0.71 0.48 to 1.06 0.096 0.35 0.20 to 0.59 <0.001*
AAT 78 1.78 6.11 0.20 1.54

AAT: animal-assisted therapy, N: number of analyzed sessions, M: mean (absolute), SD: standard deviation, rate time: rate per 100 seconds, rate input: rate per 100 tactile inputs, IRR: Incident Rate Ratio, CI: confidence interval, Model 1: therapy type as fixed effect, Model 2: therapy type and time as fixed effect, Model 3: therapy type, time and log tactile input as fixed effect,

*statistically significant,

+ log of the time when eyes were observable was used as offset to analyze eye movement.