Table 3. Analyzed behaviors during AAT and control therapy sessions.
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Behavior | Setting | N | M | SD | Rate time | Rate input | IRR | 95% CI | p-value | IRR | 95% CI | p-value | IRR | 95% CI | p-value |
Eye movement+ | Control | 73 | 26.71 | 29.68 | 3.99 | 18.04 | 1.17 | 1.11 to 1.24 | <0.001* | 1.17 | 1.10 to 1.25 | <0.001* | 1.31 | 1.23 to 1.40 | <0.001* |
AAT | 78 | 35.47 | 37.46 | 5.05 | 31.07 | ||||||||||
Movement total | Control | 73 | 30.03 | 31.79 | 3.51 | 20.28 | 0.85 | 0.80 to 0.91 | <0.001* | 0.87 | 0.82 to 0.93 | <0.001* | 1.08 | 1.00 to 1.16 | 0.048* |
AAT | 78 | 26.06 | 29.17 | 2.94 | 22.82 | ||||||||||
Movement active | Control | 73 | 14.95 | 14.68 | 1.75 | 10.10 | 0.97 | 0.89 to 1.05 | 0.441 | 0.95 | 0.86 to 1.04 | 0.240 | 1.13 | 1.02 to 1.25 | 0.018* |
AAT | 78 | 14.97 | 17.55 | 1.69 | 13.11 | ||||||||||
Movement reactive | Control | 73 | 15.08 | 24.68 | 1.76 | 10.19 | 0.74 | 0.67 to 0.80 | <0.001* | 0.78 | 0.71 to 0.87 | <0.001* | 0.98 | 0.88 to 1.10 | 0.756 |
AAT | 78 | 11.09 | 17.65 | 1.25 | 0.71 | ||||||||||
Phonation | Control | 73 | 0.60 | 1.61 | 0.07 | 0.41 | 1.92 | 1.32 to 2.78 | <0.001* | 1.38 | 0.87 to 2.18 | 0.173 | 1.23 | 0.74 to 2.07 | 0.423 |
AAT | 78 | 0.96 | 4.51 | 0.11 | 0.84 | ||||||||||
Positive facial expression | Control | 73 | 1.19 | 2.65 | 0.14 | 0.81 | 1.14 | 0.85 to 1.52 | 0.382 | 1.10 | 0.79 to 1.54 | 0.567 | 1.05 | 0.72 to 1.55 | 0.795 |
AAT | 78 | 1.23 | 32.48 | 0.14 | 1.09 | ||||||||||
Negative facial expression | Control | 73 | 2.10 | 6.57 | 0.24 | 1.42 | 0.86 | 0.68 to 1.08 | 0.200 | 0.71 | 0.48 to 1.06 | 0.096 | 0.35 | 0.20 to 0.59 | <0.001* |
AAT | 78 | 1.78 | 6.11 | 0.20 | 1.54 |
AAT: animal-assisted therapy, N: number of analyzed sessions, M: mean (absolute), SD: standard deviation, rate time: rate per 100 seconds, rate input: rate per 100 tactile inputs, IRR: Incident Rate Ratio, CI: confidence interval, Model 1: therapy type as fixed effect, Model 2: therapy type and time as fixed effect, Model 3: therapy type, time and log tactile input as fixed effect,
*statistically significant,
+ log of the time when eyes were observable was used as offset to analyze eye movement.