hNF-H overexpression exacerbates axonal atrophy but not axonal loss in NF-L null mice. A–D, Toluidine blue-stained sections of the L5 ventral roots from control (A), hNF-H transgenic (B), NF-L−/− (C), and hH;L−/− (D) mice. Note that little axonal degeneration occurred in the hNF-H transgenic and hH;L−/− mice. E, Caliber distribution of L5 ventral root axons in normal (WT), hNF-H transgenic (hH), NF-L−/− (L−/−), and hH;L−/− mice. F, Average number of axons in L5 ventral roots of mice. These counts were performed on 2-year-old normal (wt), hNF-H transgenic (hH), NF-L−/− (L−/−), and hH;L−/− mice and on 6-month-old Per;L−/− and peripherin transgenic mice (Per). Scale bar, 5 μm. Error bars indicate SD.