Table 2. Hierarchical regression for the associations between maternal factors and neonatal weight to length ratio (n=393).
| WEIGHT TO LENGTH RATIO (kg/m) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||||
| B | 95% CI | P-valueb | β | 95% CI | P-valueb | β | 95% CI | P-valueb | |
| Neonate sex | |||||||||
| Male | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Female | -0.02 | -0.17; 0.13 | 0.769 | -0.05 | -0.19; 0.10 | 0.533 | -0.06 | -0.20; 0.08 | 0.396 |
| Maternal dietary pattern | |||||||||
| Traditional pattern score | -0.04 | -0.08; 0.00 | 0.078 | -0.04 | -0.08; 0.00 | 0.081 | -0.04 | -0.08; -0.00 | 0.033 |
| HIV/treatment status | |||||||||
| HIV negative | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| HIV-positive (antenatal ART) | 0.07 | -0.11; 0.25 | 0.422 | 0.07 | -0.10; 0.24 | 0.436 | |||
| HIV-positive (pre-pregnancy ART) | 0.01 | -0.23; 0.26 | 0.906 | -0.02 | -0.26; 0.21 | 0.833 | |||
| BMI category | |||||||||
| Normal weight | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Overweight | 0.09 | -0.09; 0.26 | 0.343 | 0.09 | -0.08; 0.26 | 0.301 | |||
| Obese | 0.27 | 0.08; 0.46 | 0.005 | 0.25 | 0.07; 0.43 | 0.008 | |||
| Gestational weight gain | |||||||||
| Rate, kg/week | 0.36 | 0.05; 0.67 | 0.024 | 0.48 | 0.18; 0.78 | 0.002 | |||
| Parity | |||||||||
| Para 0 | Ref | ||||||||
| Para 1 | 0.33 | 0.15; 0.50 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Para ≥2 | 0.32 | 0.13; 0.52 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Gestational age | |||||||||
| Gestational age at birth, weeks | 0.18 | 0.12; 0.24 | <0.001 | ||||||
| R2 per model | 0.008 | 0.035 | 0.137 | ||||||
Values are regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals
a
Multiple linear regression analyses; significant results are presented in bold (p<0.05)