Table 3. Hierarchical regression for the associations between maternal factors and neonatal fat mass index (n=171).
| FAT MASS INDEX (kg/m3) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||||
| β | 95% CI | P-valueb | β | 95% CI | P-valueb | β | 95% CI | P-valueb | |
| Neonate sex | |||||||||
| Male | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Female | 0.44 | 0.04; 0.84 | 0.033 | 0.40 | 0.00; 0.79 | 0.049 | 0.39 | 0.01; 0.78 | 0.044 |
| Maternal dietary pattern | |||||||||
| Traditional pattern score | -0.09 | -0.22; 0.03 | 0.130 | -0.10 | -0.22; 0.02 | 0.086 | -0.13 | -0.25; -0.02 | 0.027 |
| HIV/treatment status | |||||||||
| HIV negative | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| HIV-positive (antenatal ART) | 0.37 | -0.10; 0.84 | 0.123 | 0.29 | -0.17; 0.75 | 0.218 | |||
| HIV-positive (pre-pregnancy ART) | 1.18 | 0.48; 1.87 | 0.001 | 1.11 | 0.42; 1.81 | 0.002 | |||
| Gestational weight gain | |||||||||
| Rate, kg/week | 0.44 | -0.29; 1.18 | 0.238 | 0.46 | -0.26; 1.18 | 0.213 | |||
| BMI category | |||||||||
| Normal weight | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Overweight | 0.17 | -0.30; 0.65 | 0.469 | 0.20 | -0.26; 0.66 | 0.390 | |||
| Obese | 0.37 | -0.13; 0.87 | 0.147 | 0.24 | -0.25; 0.74 | 0.335 | |||
| Parity | |||||||||
| Para 0 | Ref | ||||||||
| Para 1 | 0.76 | 0.27; 1.25 | 0.002 | ||||||
| Para ≥2 | 0.64 | 0.11; 1.17 | 0.018 | ||||||
| Neonate age | |||||||||
| Gestational age at birth, weeks | 0.09 | -0.08; 0.26 | 0.286 | ||||||
| Age at examination, days | 0.05 | 0.00; 0.10 | 0.035 | ||||||
| R2 per model | 0.043 | 0.121 | 0.194 | ||||||
Values are regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals
a
Multiple linear regression analyses; significant results are presented in bold (p<0.05)