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. 2019 Oct 1;9:14068. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50622-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Serological study of sea bass infected with recombinant viruses. (a) Level of anti-betanodavirus antibodies evaluated by indirect ELISA. Different letters denote significant differences among infected groups (p < 0.05). (b) Cross-reaction between antibodies in sera from European sea bass inoculated with rDl965, Mut247Dl965, Mut270Dl965 or Mut247 + 270Dl965, and different viral antigens (lysates of E-11 cells inoculated with the different viruses considered). Different letters denote significant differences among different coating viruses within each experimental group (p < 0.05). Data were statistically analysed with the one-way ANOVA test. Asterisk indicates significant differences (p < 0.05) between control (sera from L-15-injected fish) and infected groups. Results are mean ± s.d. of three samples composed of sera from five fish. All sera were analysed at 1/64 dilution.