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. 2019 Oct 1;9:14051. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50452-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Muscarine preferentially induces a M2 receptor-mediated outward current in smaller motoneurons and a M3 receptor-dependent inward current in larger motoneurons. (a) Voltage-clamp recordings illustrating an inward current and (b) outward current elicited by muscarine with respective I-V plots depicting an increase (n = 9) or decrease (n = 6) in input resistance. (c) Plot of average capacitance values for motoneurons exhibiting inward versus outward currents in response to muscarine. (d) Illustrative trace of the inward current elicited by muscarine in the presence of methoctramine with respective I-V plot (n = 8). (e) Representative trace of the outward current induced by muscarine co-applied with 4-DAMP and I-V plots for motoneurons that showed an increase (left, n = 6) or decrease in input resistance (right, n = 9). (f) Muscarine in the presence of both M2 and M3 receptor antagonists did not affect membrane current (n = 10) or input resistance (n = 7). All recordings were performed at a holding voltage of −60 mV. ***p < 0.001.