Fig. 2.

Role of nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 and -2 (NTPDase1 and -2) in the resolution of acute intestinal inflammation. A: experimental timeline and body weight change. Subsets of healthy wild-type (WT), Entpd1^−/−, and Entpd2^−/− mice were treated with 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 1 wk (black bar). Mouse body weight was obtained once a week and experiments were performed 2 wk after the treatment (arrowhead). *P < 0.0468, **P < 0.0088, ****P < 0.0001, two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test between the healthy and the DSS-treated mice of the same genotype (asterisks color coded: black, WT; blue, Entpd1^−/−; and red, Entpd2^−/−); n = 3 mice, DSS-treated Entpd2^−/− males; n = 4 mice, healthy Entpd2^−/− (2 males and 2 females); n = 6 mice, healthy WT (3 males and 3 females); n = 7 mice, DSS-treated Entpd1^−/− (2 males and 5 females); n = 8 mice, DSS-treated WT (4 males and 4 females); n = 10 mice, healthy Entpd1^−/− (2 males and 8 females). B and C: spleen weights (B) and colon lengths (C) 2 wk after the treatment. *P = 0.036, **P = 0.005, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test; n = 6 mice, healthy WT (3 males and 3 females); n = 8 mice, DSS-treated WT [4 males and 4 females (female 429 mg spleen removed as an outlier)]; n = 11 mice, DSS-treated Entpd2^−/− (9 males and 2 females), healthy Entpd2^−/− [6 males and 5 females (127 mg spleen removed as an outlier)]; n = 14 mice, healthy and DSS-treated Entpd1^−/− [5 males (each, healthy 172.3 mg spleen removed as an outlier and an additional healthy spleen was not weighed) and 9 females (each)]. D and E: histological evaluation of distal colon tissue. D: representative images of hematoxylin and eosin stain. Scale bar = 100 µm. E: blinded scoring of tissue damage and immune infiltration. For detailed scoring information, see Table 2. *P < 0.0352, two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test; n = 2 male and 2 female mice per group.