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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 2.
Published in final edited form as: Hum Factors. 2008 Apr;50(2):227–236. doi: 10.1518/001872008X250692

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Left, a: Maximum axial push force for four push methods and two handle materials (Mean ± SE). The preferred method was associated with an inward torque that was 17% of the maximum value. Right, b: The efficiency of normal force generation as the ratio of normal force to FDP EMG for the four push methods (Mean ± SE). (Outward: push with a deliberate outward torque, Straight: the straight method with no torque as possible, Preferred: the preferred method, Inward: push with a deliberate inward torque. Pushes with 30%, 50%, 80%, and comfortable inward/outward torques are pooled. Data are pooled from 6 males and 6 females.)