Table 1.
Classification of myocardial infarction [4].
| Type 1: Spontaneous MI |
| Related to atherosclerotic plaque rupture, ulceration, fissuring, erosion, or dissection leading to intraluminal thrombus in one or more coronary arteries leading to ischemia and resultant myocyte necrosis |
| Type 2: MI secondary to oxygen supply and demand mismatch/ischemia imbalance |
| Ischemia imbalance leading to myocyte necrosis and is resultant from a condition other than CAD |
| Type 3: MI secondary to sudden cardiac death (biomarker values unavailable) |
| Cardiac death associated with symptoms and ECG findings suggestive of ischemia in the absence of cardiac biomarkers |
| Type 4a: MI secondary to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) |
| PCI-associated MI defined arbitrarily as an elevation in cTn >5×99th percentile of the upper limit of normal with normal baseline values or a rise of cTn values >20% of previously elevated baseline values that are stable or falling in association with the presence of at least one of the following: symptoms suggestive of cardiac ischemia, new ischemic ECG findings or new LBBB, angiographic loss of patency of a major coronary vessel or a side branch or persistent slow- or no-flow or embolization, or imaging demonstrating new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality |
| Type 4b: MI secondary to stent thrombosis |
| MI associated with stent thrombosis as detected by coronary angiography or autopsy with a combination of myocardial ischemia and rise and/or fall of cardiac biomarkers with at least one value ≥99th percentile of the upper limit of normal |
| Type 5: MI secondary to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) |
| MI associated with CABG defined arbitrarily as an elevation in cardiac biomarker levels >10×99th percentile of the upper limit of normal in patients with normal baseline values in addition to at least one of the following: new pathological Q waves or new LBBB, new graft or new native coronary artery occlusion, or imaging demonstrating new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality |