Figure 3.

Power spectra of E_y and B_z fields. (a) E_y(k_y, ω) in the linear regime ω_pet = 0~70 and (b) the nonlinear regime ω_pet = 70~140. Black solid lines are theoretical dispersion curves of harmonics, and the red dashed line is the effective beam speed. (c) E_y(k_x, k_y) at fundamental (ω = 0.90ω_pe) and (d) second harmonics (ω = 1.79ω_pe). (e) B_z(k_x, k_y) at ω = 0.90ω_pe and (f) at ω = 1.08ω_pe where the radiation is observed. Comparisons of power spectrum of (g) electric field and (h) magnetic. A black line is the Magnetospheric Multisc (MMS) data, and a red line is the simulation result. Dashed vertical lines indicate harmonics of ${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{pe}}^{\prime }$.