Figure 3.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patient and family caregiver early palliative care needs by GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) stage. This figure displays the differences in the proportions of the major themes in patients with GOLD II–III stage COPD and their family caregivers compared with those from GOLD IV stages, alongside exemplary quotes for each. AAF = African American female; AAM = African American male; CG = caregiver; FEV₁ = forced expiratory volume in 1 second; PT = patient; WF = white female; WM = white male.